Introduction Varicose veins are one of the most common vascular problems in the world that many people, especially women, struggle with. These veins are not only unpleasant in terms of appearance, but may also be associated with pain, heaviness of the leg, swelling and even skin wounds. Fortunately, medical science has made a revolution in the treatment of these diseases by introducing new methods such as Intravascular Laser (EVLT).

Intravascular laser or Endovenous Laser Treatment is a very accurate, effective and minimally invasive way to remove damaged veins (especially large or small saphenous veins). This method quickly replaced traditional and complicated surgeries such as "vein removal" and today it is one of the first treatment options in specialized vascular clinics.

How does intravascular laser work?

In this method, a very thin optical fiber is inserted into the defective vessel through a special needle. This fiber is connected to the laser source and delivers controlled thermal energy to the inner wall of the vessel. The heat of the laser causes the wall of the vessel to close, destroy the tissue, and eventually completely shrink it. The blood will no longer pass through that path and will naturally pass through the surrounding healthy vessels.

Steps of implementing EVLT in brief:

1. Local anesthesia in the fiber entry area
2. Guide a special needle into the vein (usually with ultrasound)
3. Laser fiber placement inside the damaged vessel
4. Sending laser pulses with controlled temperature
5. Fiber removal and dressing of the entry site

Which patients are suitable candidates for intravascular laser?

Intravascular laser is suitable for many people who have defective veins or varicose veins. Some of the symptoms that indicate the need for EVLT treatment are:

• bulging or twisting of the veins (usually in the leg)
• Pain, heaviness, or burning in the legs, especially after standing for a long time
• Itching or discoloration of the skin around the ankle
• Superficial veins that have not responded to drug treatments
• Resistant wounds caused by venous disorders

Advantages of intravascular laser compared to old surgeries

FeaturesTraditional surgeryIntravascular laserGeneral and local anesthesia Hospitalization period of several days without hospitalization Recovery period 2 to 4 weeks 1 to 3 days Visible scar Very small or no scar Return to work with a delay No pain and bruising Very low probability of varicose veins recurrence Medium Very low

The difference between laser and other methods of treating varicose veins

Treatment methodExplanationAdvantagesLimitationsSclerotherapyInjection of substance into a simple vein, without surgery for superficial and small veins Surface laser Use of laser on the skin Non-invasive Only suitable for capillaries and very thin veinsSurgery (Phlebectomy or Stripping) Effective but invasive vein cutting and extraction without anesthesia, high risk EVLT (Intravascular Laser) Heating from inside the vein with precise, effective, low-complication fiber optics, requiring advanced equipment

Does intravascular laser hurt?

No. This procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia and the patient will only feel pressure or a little heat during the procedure. Many patients even listen to music or talk during treatment.

Care after doingEVLT

• Using varicose compression socks for 3 to 7 days
• Daily light walking (15 to 30 minutes) to improve blood circulation
• Avoid standing or sitting for a long time
• Avoid hot baths, saunas or heavy exercise for up to a week
• Use of prescription drugs if necessary

Possible side effects of EVLT (although rare)

• Temporary bruising or burning at the treatment site
• Local stiffness in the path of the closed vessel
• Minor skin color changes
• Mild inflammation or mild clot (very rare and preventable)
• Slight pain to the touch in the first few days

It should be noted that the complications of EVLT are much rarer and milder than classical surgery.

Duration of treatment and return to work

The whole treatment process usually takes 30 to 60 minutes. The patient is discharged immediately after the treatment and can return home the same day. Most people resume their daily activities and work within 1 to 3 days.

Treatment results: Will varicose veins disappear forever?

In the intravascular laser method, the defective vein is completely blocked and the probability of recurrence is very low. By following medical orders and using compression stockings, the possibility of return of problematic veins is minimized. However, if the unhealthy lifestyle continues (inactivity, overweight, frequent pregnancies), other vessels may also be damaged in the future.

When should you see a doctor?

If you have any of the following symptoms, it is better to be examined by a vascular specialist:

• Swollen and visible veins in the leg
• pain, heaviness or early fatigue in the legs
Darkness or discoloration of the skin around the ankles
• Wounds that do not heal
• Family history of vascular diseases

Summary

Intravascular laser orEVLT is a new, effective and safe treatment method to destroy damaged veins, especially in the legs. Varicose veins can be treated with minimal pain, without anesthesia and without the need for hospitalization, and prevent more serious problems such as ulcers or blood clots in the future. If you suffer from varicose veins or uncomfortable leg vein symptoms, EVLT could be a great option for you.

Source:

https://vascular.org/your-vascular-health/vascular-conditions/common-conditions/varicose-veins

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