Major depressive disorder is a much more serious condition than a temporary feeling of sadness. This disorder is a clinical condition that, like a heavy fog, affects all aspects of a person's life, from work and relationships to physical health. Understanding the difference between this disorder and normal reactions to life's hardships is the first step to finding the right path to recovery and regaining control. Accurately knowing the symptoms and causes of major depression gives us the power to consciously treat it. What is major depression? Major depression is a psychiatric illness characterized by a period of at least two weeks of very low mood or loss of interest and pleasure in all activities. To make a diagnosis, specialists look for a set of symptoms that severely disrupts a person's daily functioning. According to the diagnostic manual, the presence of at least five of the following symptoms is necessary for diagnosis: - Sad mood most of the day and almost every day Significantly reduced interest or enjoyment in all or most activities - Significant change in weight or appetite - Insomnia or excessive sleepiness - Feeling of restlessness or mental-motor slowness - Chronic fatigue or lack of energy - Excessive feelings of worthlessness or guilt The main difference with the natural feeling of sadness All human beings face failure, loss and disappointment in life and feel sad. This is a healthy and natural reaction. But natural grief is usually tied to a specific event, and with the passage of time and the support of those around, its intensity decreases. On the other hand, major depression is a stable and pervasive condition that may not even have a specific cause and destroys the ability of a person to experience any positive feelings. This situation requires specialized intervention. hidden and obvious signs of major depression The effects of this condition go beyond the feeling of sadness and also target a person's cognitive abilities. Affected individuals may have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering details, or making decisions. The feeling of despair and pessimism about the future casts a shadow on all their thoughts. Irritability, sudden anger, and feelings of emptiness are also common emotional symptoms that can severely destroy a person's personal and social relationships. ### Physical and behavioral effects that should not be ignored Mind and body are closely related and this mood disorder clearly shows this relationship. Many patients complain of unexplained physical pains, such as headaches, backaches, or digestive problems. Behavioral changes are also quite evident; A person may withdraw from social activities, neglect their work or academic responsibilities, and even forget their personal hygiene. These symptoms are serious warning signs for this type of depression. Why do we get major depression? One of the main causes of this disorder is an imbalance in brain chemicals (neurotransmitters) such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. These substances play a key role in mood regulation. In addition, genetics can also predispose a person to the disease. If one of your first-degree relatives has a history of this disease, your risk increases. Of course, this does not mean a certain fate and is only considered a risk factor. ### The impact of life events and psychological pressures Biological factors are only part of the story. Psychological experiences and pressures can also trigger an episode of major depression. These stressors can be very diverse and their effect varies from person to person. Some of the most common triggers are: - Losing a loved one or ending an important relationship - Serious financial problems or job loss - Suffering from a severe and chronic physical illness - Bitter and traumatic past experiences (trauma) - Social isolation and extreme loneliness Common treatment options for major depression Psychotherapy or "talk therapy" is one of the main pillars of major depression treatment. Various approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) help a person to identify and modify their negative thought patterns and dysfunctional behaviors. Interpersonal therapy (IPT) also focuses on improving relationships and solving communication problems. These sessions provide a safe space for the individual to understand the roots of their problem and learn new coping skills. ### The role of drugs in restoring the chemical balance of the brain Antidepressants can help improve symptoms by resetting the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain. These drugs are not addictive and play an important role in reducing the severity of symptoms so that a person can participate in psychotherapy sessions with more energy. Choosing the type of medicine and its dosage must be done by a psychiatrist. It usually takes a few weeks for the positive effects of the drugs to appear, and patience is very important in this way. Major depression is completely treatable in Neurali For patients who have not responded well to common treatment methods, science offers new solutions. At Neurali Clinic, we use advanced magnetic brain stimulation (TMS) technology to treat treatment-resistant major depression. This non-invasive method, without the need for anesthesia, activates certain areas of the brain that play a role in mood control, using magnetic pulses. TMS is a safe and effective treatment modality that has brought hope back to many people's lives. Major depression is a treatable illness, not a death sentence. The path may be challenging, but you are not alone. Taking the first step is the most important part of the journey to recovery. Don't let this disorder take control of your life story. If you are ready to start a new chapter of life with hope and peace, Nourali's expert team is ready to accompany you in building a brighter tomorrow with innovative solutions and an integrated treatment plan. Apply today for a fresh start.