Brain disorder.. a problem that poses a serious risk to a person's health Health is one of the greatest assets of every person and it affects the quality of life... Various problems and diseases can affect people's health, brain disorders being one of the most important of them... These disorders have their roots in various reasons such as genetics, brain injuries, inflammatory diseases and environmental factors and cause various problems... Also, these disorders affect the memory function and behaviors of the affected person... Types of brain disorders and their symptoms and control methods.... What are brain disorders? Brain disorders are a group of diseases or medical problems that affect the normal functioning of the brain. These disorders can be caused by various factors and cause behavioral or functional abnormalities for the affected person. In fact, the brain, as the control center of the body, is responsible for various vital tasks such as regulating movements, thinking, memory, and emotions. What causes can any change in the quality of brain function affect the quality of a person's life? Brain disorders are one of the most complex and challenging issues in the field of health and affect a person's cognitive, emotional and physical performance.... These disorders may be caused by various reasons that we will explain further... ### Genetic and hereditary factors Many brain disorders or **brain diseases** have a genetic origin. For example, diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Down's syndrome are directly related to genetic mutations. Defective genes or hereditary patterns can lead to structural or functional abnormalities in the brain, and these factors are more common especially in people with a family history. Traumatic; One of the causes of brain diseases Direct blows to the head, car accidents, falling from a height or sports injuries can cause severe brain injuries or trauma.... These types of injuries may interfere with the transmission of nerve signals and even cause brain bleeding or even destruction of brain tissues.... Also, in severe cases, these injuries cause coma or permanent neurological disorders.... ### Brain infection Some infectious diseases such as meningitis, encephalitis or brain inflammation and even some viral infections such as HIV can affect brain function... these infections cause inflammation, destruction of nerve cells and disruption of normal brain function, and timely treatment is vital to control them... ### Metabolic and nutritional factors Metabolic problems such as uncontrolled diabetes cause damage to the blood vessels of the brain and reduce oxygen supply. Also, the lack of vitamins such as B12, which play an important role in the proper functioning of the nervous system, causes the destruction of nerve cells and decreases brain function.... ### drug use and vascular problems Long-term use of alcohol, cigarettes and drugs, especially substances such as cocaine and methamphetamine, has a destructive effect on the structure and function of the brain. These substances destroy brain cells and cause various brain disorders, such as reduced memory and cognitive abilities. Vessels, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol or blocked arteries also increase the risk of stroke and subsequent disorders... ### Mental disorders, chronic stress and factors Unknown... Chronic stress and mental disorders such as severe depression lead to structural and chemical changes in the brain... These changes reduce the volume of parts of the brain such as the hippocampus, which is responsible for memory and learning... The brain is responsible for controlling all the senses and movements of the body, and its dysfunction causes a wide range of diseases... These disorders can cause various problems, including movement disorders, including memory. An expert in this field should use it... In the following, we will learn about the most common types of brain disorders... ### Alzheimer's; One of the most common brain disorders Alzheimer's is one of the most common brain problems that usually occurs in old age.. This disease causes a gradual loss of memory, cognitive abilities and ultimately a decrease in a person's independence.. Although the exact cause of Alzheimer's is not known, various factors play a role in its occurrence.. Some of these factors are: - Increasing age - Genetics and family history of the disease - Lifestyle ### Parkinson's disorder Parkinson's is a chronic neurological disorder that affects body movements and coordination. The main symptoms of this disease include tremors, slowness of movement, and muscle stiffness. These symptoms are caused by the destruction of dopamine-producing cells in the brain. Although there is no definitive treatment for this disease, some methods can be used to prevent its progression: - **Drug therapy**: Parkinson's drugs prevent the progression of this disorder by increasing the level of dopamine in the brain... - **Physiotherapy and occupational therapy:** These treatments improve mobility, balance and daily performance of patients... - **Surgery:** In some cases, surgery may be used to control Parkinson's symptoms ### stroke; A common disorder among Iranians Stroke is one of the most important causes of death and disability in Iran... This brain disorder occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is cut off or its blood flow decreases... As a result, oxygen and nutrients do not reach the brain cells and they die... ### Brain tumor Brain tumors are actually cells that grow abnormally in the brain and may be benign or malignant.. By pressing on the brain tissue, these tumors disrupt the normal functioning of the brain, and its symptoms include headaches, seizures, and behavioral changes... ### Concussion Disorder Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to injuries caused by severe blows to the head. These injuries can be mild or severe and have major effects on brain function. Disorders caused by traumatic brain injury cause a wide range of problems. Some of these functional problems include: - **Memory problems:** Damage to parts of the brain such as the hippocampus may cause the loss of short-term memory or even the inability to store new memories.. Cognitive function: ** People with TBI may experience problems with concentration, decision-making, problem solving and analytical abilities... - ** Movement or sensory disorders:** In more severe cases, movement disorders, speech problems and even permanent changes in the senses of sight or hearing also occur... ### Down syndrome disorder Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome in a person... This disorder causes problems in a person's mental and physical functioning.. For example, an affected person may suffer from developmental delay or be born with physical problems... ### Schizophrenia; including some brain disorders Schizophrenia is a complex disorder that severely affects the way of thinking, feeling, and understanding reality. This disease is accompanied by symptoms such as auditory hallucinations, hearing voices that others do not hear, delusions, and strange behaviors. Also, decreased motivation, lack of enjoyment of activities, social isolation, and emotional poverty create a lot of quality in a person's life. The exact cause of schizophrenia is not yet fully known, but genetic, biochemical factors and the environment play a role in its occurrence... How can brain diseases be controlled?.. Although many factors that cause brain disorders such as genes cannot be controlled, but by following some points, the risk of contracting these disorders can be reduced.. Science is always advancing in medicine and offers solutions to reduce the impact of diseases... You can see some methods of preventing and controlling brain disorders in the table below... Specialized Center for Brain Disorders Control One of the leading centers in providing diagnostic and treatment services for brain disorders is Noorali Neurological and Neurological Clinic. At Noor Ali Center, we provide specialized rehabilitation services for patients with brain disorders using the knowledge of neurologists and advanced medical equipment.. Clinic.