Congenital heart disease
3 months ago
379 بازدید
Dr. Leah Mirsafai
تهرانCardiovascular specialist
- Behnam
- 0 comments
Cardiovascular diseases include a wide range of heart, vascular and blood diseases that can overshadow the health of the whole body if they are infected, which is why the sensitivity to these types of diseases is very high.. The occurrence of cardiovascular diseases can have various reasons, one of which is hereditary... or ** Congenital heart diseases (at the time of CH) (at the time of birth, it includes all congenital heart defects) from the baby.... If congenital heart diseases are diagnosed and treated on time, the child can live longer and in full health... **What is congenital heart disease?**
One of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death and death every year around the world is heart disease. But one of the known causes of heart disease is hereditary issues. Hereditary or congenital heart disease includes diseases in which the structure of the heart is associated with problems and failures from birth. These problems can be related to various organs of the heart, including:
- Heart valve
- Redness of veins
- or dark veins
Disorders in any part of the heart can endanger a person's physical health, which is why early detection of inherited heart diseases is so important. CHD is present at birth and can affect the structure of the baby's heart and how it functions. These disorders can affect the way blood circulates in and out of the heart. CHD can range from mild (like a weak heart) to weak holes in the heart. Defects have acute CHD (also known as the main congenital heart disease) babies with acute CHD need surgery or other treatment in the first year of life... **causes of congenital heart diseases**
Various reasons can be mentioned for this complication, including:
### Genetic characteristics
Genetic problems and characteristics at birth in every person is one of the known causes of heart diseases... ### Environmental components
Environmental conditions, such as the effects of bad drugs, the presence of infection in the mother, etc., can spread to the fetus, and in this way, the baby is born with all kinds of hereditary heart diseases.. ### Unknown reasons
Despite the significant progress of science in recent years, one of the causes of hereditary heart complications is always an influential but unknown issue. **Types of congenital heart diseases**
In the following, some types of congenital heart diseases are mentioned, and those marked with an asterisk (\*) are considered acute congenital heart diseases... - Atrial septal defect
- Defect of vestibular vertebra
- Aortic obstruction
- Two exits in the right ventricle
- Lack of blood transfer to large vessels
- Interventricular septal defect
- and other diseases
**Symptoms and symptoms**
### **types of hereditary heart disease**
Hereditary heart diseases are divided into several categories, which include:
*** Familial cardiomyopathies include: ***
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
- Familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)
- Arrhythmic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy
*** Familial arrhythmias include: ***
- Long/short QT syndrome
Brugada syndrome
- Atrial fibrillation
Usually, the presence of hereditary heart diseases in a baby is determined by various tests and examinations after birth until the first weeks, but in general, the following symptoms can be a warning for the presence of heart disease in a baby:
- Irregular or intense heartbeat
- Chest pain
- Unusual skin color
- Abnormal condition of the nails (turning or thickening)
- Excessive sweating without external origin of the baby
***Other common symptoms of hereditary heart diseases are:***
- Frequent colds
- Weakness without reason
- shortness of breath
- Feeling of suffocation
**Symptoms of congenital heart disease**
Congenital heart diseases can cause a wide range of complications and also increase the risk of other diseases in the child.... Some of these diseases are:
- Absence of blood coagulation
- Internal infection in the heart
- Heart arrhythmia with irregular heartbeat
- Increased blood pressure
- Heart failure
**disease diagnosis**
The baby is examined by the best cardiologist
Some congenital heart defects may be diagnosed during pregnancy using a special type of ultrasound called a fetal echocardiogram that creates ultrasound images of the baby's heart. But some CHDs are not diagnosed until after birth or even in childhood or adulthood.
**disease treatment**
The treatment of congenital heart disease depends on the type and severity of the existing defect... Some affected babies and children may need one or more surgeries to repair the heart or blood vessels... Sometimes the heart defect cannot be completely repaired, but these procedures can improve the blood flow and the way the heart works. is below:
### ***catheter operation***
Catheter is a narrow and flexible tube that is inserted by a specialist doctor through a hole in the skin into the black vein or artery and in this way helps to treat some heart diseases... ### ***Surgical Method***
The second method of treatment for this type of disease is surgery.. In some cases, a specialist doctor may determine that the catheter method does not work, and in this situation, open heart surgery is performed for the child, which is much more difficult than the previous method... Prevention of congenital heart diseases
As mentioned earlier, some of the causes of hereditary heart diseases are still unknown, but in some cases, a mother can ensure her child's health and prevent congenital heart diseases by following some tips during pregnancy, including:
Control of all kinds of diseases by the mother, especially chronic diseases such as diabetes... not being in polluted environments and not being exposed to dangerous chemicals... consuming nutritional supplements and vitamins such as folic acid and multivitamins as prescribed by a specialist doctor... receiving all the necessary vaccines during pregnancy... finally avoiding a healthy lifestyle such as exercising, consuming and controlling the right weight of tobacco and alcohol... it is effective in preventing the occurrence of hereditary heart diseases... 
