Black eye action Glaucoma is caused by increased intraocular pressure. Increased eye pressure can occur for different reasons. In this case, the aqueous humor, which is constantly secreted behind the cornea, cannot be drained properly and causes the intraocular pressure to rise. With an excessive increase in eye pressure, if the treatment is not done, the eye nerve will be damaged and it will cause serious defects in vision. The fact that glaucoma does not necessarily occur in high eye pressure indicates that all people, even with normal eye pressure, need to be periodically examined by an ophthalmologist. Glaucoma is the most important cause of blindness in people over 60 years of age, although this disease can occur at any age. People with a family history of black water are more likely to develop this condition than other people. Other factors such as trauma to the eye, diabetes, eye infections, use of corticosteroid drugs (cortone) and following intraocular operations are also causes of glaucoma. **Read more: ****Cataract treatment** Types of glaucoma The types of glaucoma are as follows: - Open angle glaucoma - Closed-angle glaucoma Congenital glaucoma - Secondary glaucoma - Glaucoma with normal eye pressure - Symptoms of glaucoma If you experience symptoms such as vision loss, eye redness, severe headache, severe eye pain, and sudden nausea, it is better to see an ophthalmologist urgently. These symptoms can be caused by acute closed septicemia. Open-angle glaucoma gradually damages the optic nerve and the patient has no symptoms for a long time. The final symptoms of the patient can be that he suddenly realizes that he has no side vision and looks as if he is looking through a tube, or he has permanent vision loss. ### Treatment methods for cataracts Cataract treatment starts with drug treatment and depending on the doctor's diagnosis, laser or surgery may be needed. Usually, the surgical method is chosen for you when the disease has not responded to drug and laser treatment. The most common surgical procedure is trabectomy. In this method, by creating a gap in the wall of the eyeball, it drains the excess fluid inside the eye and reduces eye pressure. The incision created in this surgery is very small and does not require stitches. In the surgical method, eye pressure is reduced by about 30%, however, we should not forget the possibility of needing a repeat surgery. We must be careful that performing surgery prevents the progression of the disease and does not improve the patient's vision, but rather prevents excessive damage to the nerve and loss of vision. If we want to talk about the risks of this surgery, we can mention the following: - Intraocular bleeding - Eye infection - Fluid accumulation in the layers of the eyeball - Acute damage to the optic nerve - In case of excessive draining of liquid, we may face a decrease in eye pressure. - The need to perform surgery again in the future You should keep in mind that if cataract surgery is offered to you, it means that drug and laser treatment is not sufficient and effective and the benefit of this surgery is greater than the possibility of risk for you. Trabectomy surgery usually remains effective for 15-20 years for the patient. ### Methods of preventing glaucoma By observing some points, the possibility of black water can be reduced, including: - Control of underlying diseases such as diabetes - Avoiding smoking - Weight control and obesity prevention - Stress reduction - Avoid self-administration of Cortone Keep in mind that glaucoma can be prevented with routine and periodical examinations. Also, visiting as soon as possible in case of the first signs of vision impairment will help you preserve your vision. **Read more: Complications after cataract surgery**