What is a tension headache? A tension headacheis usually a sudden, mild to moderate headache, often felt as a tightness around the head....A tension headache is the most common type of headache, but its cause is not well understood. Treatment is available for tension-type headache. Managing tension-headache is often a balance between healthy eating habits, finding non-pharmacological treatments, and using medications appropriately.... ### Symptoms of tension-type headache The signs and symptoms of tension headache are: - Mild and sudden headache - Feeling of stiffness or pressure in the forehead or around and behind the head - Sensitivity to contact in the muscles of the skull, neck and shoulder Tension headache is divided into two main categories, episodic and chronic.. - Chronic tension headache (this type of tension headache is long-lasting and may be continuous. If the headache lasts fifteen days a month or more for three months, it is known as chronic).. ### Difference between tension headache and migraine It is difficult to distinguish a tension headache from a migraine.. In addition, if you have frequent tension headaches, you may also have a migraine... Unlike some types of migraine, a tension headache is not usually accompanied by visual disturbances, nausea or vomiting.. Although physical activity usually increases the pain of a migraine, it does not increase the pain in this video of this tension headache. Speaks.... ### Causes of tension headache The cause of tension headaches is not known. In the past, experts thought that tension headaches are caused by the contraction of muscles in the face, neck, and skull area, which may be due to emotions, tension, or stress. Type and cause of headache... #### \# Your description of the pain Your description of the pain can help the doctor make a diagnosis. Be sure to include these details: ##### characteristics of pain Is your pain throbbing? Is it fixed or sharp and deadly?. ##### Intensity of pain Your level of functioning is a good indicator of the severity of the headache....Are you able to carry out your daily activities?..Does the headache wake you up or prevent you from sleeping?. ##### Place of pain Do you feel the pain all over your head or just on one side of your head or just in your forehead or behind your eyes? #### imaging tests If you have unusual or complex headaches, your doctor may order tests to rule out serious causes of the headaches, such as a tumor. Two common brain imaging tests are: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) MRI is a combination of magnetic field, radio waves and computer technology to create clear images... computed tomography (CT scan) A CT scan is a diagnostic imaging procedure that uses a series of computer-assisted x-rays to provide a comprehensive view of the brain. Some people with tension-type headaches do not seek medical attention and try to self-treat the pain. Unfortunately, repeated use of over-the-counter pain relievers can cause another type of headache. A variety of medications, including over-the-counter and prescription, are available for headache relief, including: Over-the-counter pain relievers are usually the first line of treatment for headache relief. These include aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen. Prescription medications include naproxen, indomethacin, and ketorolac. #### tricyclic antidepressants Tricyclic antidepressants, including amitriptyline and protriptyline, are common medications used to prevent tension-type headaches. Side effects of these medications may include constipation, drowsiness, and dry mouth. ##### Other antidepressants There is evidence that other antidepressants such as venlafaxine and mirtazapine are effective. Other medications that may prevent tension headaches include anticoagulants such as topiramate....but more studies are needed....preventive medications may take several weeks or longer to build up in your system and take effect..having any of these signs or symptoms: - Severe and sudden headache - Headache with fever, neck stiffness, nasal congestion or speech problems - Headache after a blow to the head #### lifestyle and home remedies Rest, a cold compress, or a warm shower may be all you need to relieve a tension headache... Various strategies can help reduce the severity and frequency of chronic tension headaches without the use of medication. Try some of the following: - Manage your stress... - One way to help reduce stress is to plan and organize your day... - Another way is to get more rest... - Use hot or cold compresses... heat or ice, whichever you prefer.... Related content: Immediate treatment for severe headaches #### Alternative treatments for tension headache If you have a tension headache, the following unconventional treatments may help: ##### Acupuncture Acupuncture may provide temporary relief from chronic headaches.. Massage can help reduce stress and tension.. It is especially useful for reducing pain in the back, neck and shoulder muscles.. ##### deep breathing Biofeedback and behavioral therapy.... All kinds of relaxing treatments are useful in dealing with tension headache.... ### Prevention of tension headache In addition to regular exercise, techniques such as biofeedback training and relaxation therapy can help reduce stress. #### Biofeedback training This technique teaches you to control body responses that help reduce pain....During a biofeedback session, you are connected to devices that give you information about your body's functions, such as muscle tension, heart rate, and blood pressure....Afterward, you learn how to reduce muscle tension and your heart rate and breathing.. Techniques Anything that helps you relax, including deep breathing, yoga, meditation, and advanced muscle relaxation, may help relieve your headaches... You can learn relaxation techniques in classes or at home, using books or tapes. - Get enough sleep, but not too much - Do not smoke - Regular exercise - Eating regular and balanced meals - Drinking a lot of water... - Limiting alcohol, caffeine and sugar **Dr. Majid Kihani, neurologist in Tehran**