One of the common diseases that refer to physiotherapy clinics and orthopedic clinics are patients who complain of back pain. Causes of back pain: 1- The most common cause is inflammation of the intervertebral disc, especially the disc between L5-S1 and L4-L5, and sometimes disc protrusion. 2- Involvement of the sacroiliac joint (lumbar-pelvic joint). 3-spinal canal stenosis 4- Muscle strain and paraspinal muscle damage 5-Scoliosis or deviation in the lumbar spine area 6-Trigger point in the back muscles, especially the quadratus lumbarum, which is above and on the side of the buttock. 7- vertebra slippage (spondylolisthesis-spondylolysis) 8-Severe lumbar lordosis and muscle imbalance means the weakness of a set of muscles in exchange for the shortness of another set of muscles 9- Arthritis of intervertebral joints ### Relationship of age, gender with back pain 1- Lumbar disc damage can be seen at different ages, but it generally leaves more serious complications in young and middle-aged people. 2- Involvement of the sacroiliac joint is more common in young people, especially in women after pregnancy. 3- Spinal canal stenosis, a wide issue in back pain, which is very common in elderly people and can be seen at any age depending on the cause of the canal stenosis. It may be due to complete disc protrusion or vertebra slippage, and generally occurs at a young age due to arthritis and stiffness of the ligament inside the spinal cord. 4- Vertebra slippage is more common in women and sometimes has a previous background. 5- Astrin and muscle damage are seen in athletes 5- Trigger points in the lower back are more common in young, active people and sometimes those who sit behind a desk. 6-Severe lordosis and spinal deviations are moderately common in all age groups and men and women. And today, due to the machine life, the type of nutrition and the lack of sports and aerobic activities are very common, which will cause other conflicts in the back if not paid attention to. Treatment of back pain 1- Invasive and surgical treatments 2-Non-surgical treatments Depending on the type of diagnosis of back pain, the age of the patient and the severity of the involvement, the treatment is different. For example, in youth and adolescence, a herniated disc that may have happened even with a sneeze requires surgery. But at older ages, if the patient's vital signs are not affected and the patient's pain intensity is reduced with rest, drug therapy, and physical therapy, there is no need for surgery and non-surgical treatments can be used. 3- Although surgery plays a vital role for patients in cases of severe involvement, statistics show that the failure rate of back surgery today is higher than 25%. Today, doing back physiotherapy combined with exercise therapy is the best way to treat all types of back pain. Physiotherapist specializing in back pain, with the main diagnosis of back pain and the combination of treatments, teaching special exercises can eliminate the cause of back pain and return the person to his previous life. ### Types of physiotherapy for back pain: 1- Use of various pain reliever stimulators: Tens types, interferential currents, ration currents, IPS and... The expert physiotherapist decides which one is more useful for the patient depending on the type of pain, the location of the pain, whether it is acute or chronic. 2- The use of cold therapy and heat therapy, depending on the diagnosis of the physiotherapist, is either used separately or used as a contrasting bath. 3-Ultrasound therapy and phonophoresis with painkillers 4- Cold laser or low power laser to reduce pain 5- High power laser or warm laser which is used for tissue repair and local treatment. 6- Magnet therapy is used to reduce pain or to repair the disc and reduce spinal canal stenosis. 7-Takarotherapy, which uses capacitive or induction current, is very effective for pain relief or tissue repair and healing. 8- Vasotrin or air compression, which is very effective in relaxing the position and breaking the spasm. 9- Comrastatic stretch 10- Manual therapy and mobilization movements and manual treatments in the lower back and sacroiliac joint. 11-Darneedling and acupuncture 12- Teaching exercise therapy which is the main part of therapy Exercises are taught to the patient under the supervision of a specialist physiotherapist, and if necessary, the meganotherapy room is performed in the center itself. Tuan Navin Physiotherapy Center is equipped with all the necessary devices to improve back pain and treat them, and due to the university and academic work experience of the clinic specialist (Dr. Noushin Alvandian) in Akhtar Hospital, along with professors such as Dr. Ismail Jah and Dr. Philosophi, this center can provide great help to patients suffering from back pain. If you have any kind of back pain, you can benefit from the free consultation and visit of our specialist (Dr. Noushin Alvandian) through direct contact or WhatsApp of the office.