Pregnancy hematoma is one of the common causes of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy and may be worrying for pregnant women. In many cases, this condition is asymptomatic and detected on ultrasound and usually heals spontaneously with rest. But in some cases, pregnancy hematoma is large and needs treatment. Pregnancy hematoma or subchorionic hematoma occurs when blood forms between the uterine wall and the chorionic membrane. This complication is usually associated with vaginal bleeding and may cause concern for pregnant women. The cause of pregnancy hematoma is usually unknown, but some factors such as abdominal trauma, pressure on the abdomen, or blood diseases can accelerate this complication.

Pregnancy hematoma, if enlarged and untreated, may lead to serious complications such as tension on the uterine wall, fetal loss, severe bleeding, or infection. Therefore, if vaginal bleeding during pregnancy is accompanied by severe pain and anemia, it is better to consult your doctor quickly. Using ultrasound and other tests, the doctor will diagnose pregnancy hematoma and if necessary, he will prescribe treatment methods such as rest, medication or surgical treatment. Symptoms of placental hematoma Symptoms of placental hematoma can usually be detected in ultrasound, and in some cases, special symptoms are shown that help to diagnose it. Vaginal bleeding is one of the common symptoms of pregnancy hematoma and can vary from mild spotting to heavy bleeding with clots. Also, pelvic congestion can also be one of the symptoms of placental hematoma. According to estimates, vaginal bleeding affects one out of four people in the first half of pregnancy. For this reason, ultrasound is very important in the first trimester of pregnancy. In some cases, women experience slight pelvic cramping; Especially if vaginal bleeding is significant. If any of the symptoms of pregnancy hematoma appear, it is better to see a gynecologist. Symptoms Pregnancy hematoma absorption symptoms include cessation of vaginal bleeding, which may be accompanied by pelvic pain and cramping. However, in some cases, specific symptoms are not observed in pregnancy hematoma, and the doctor should use ultrasound to determine the stage of the hematoma. Causes and risk factors The exact cause of placental hematoma is unknown, but certain conditions, diseases, and medications can cause hematomas. Separation of the chorionic membrane from the uterine wall is a common cause of pregnancy hematoma. There is the highest risk for pregnancy hematoma in people with a history of uterine infections, a history of miscarriage, pregnancy with IVF and high blood pressure. Also, trauma, abnormality of the uterus, blood clotting disorders and the use of drugs that cause dilation of blood vessels can be other factors that cause pregnancy hematoma. Pregnancy hematoma may increase the risks and complications of pregnancy. Some of the possible complications include excessive vaginal bleeding, miscarriage, premature delivery, placental abruption, and premature rupture of the water sac. In most cases, a pregnancy hematoma resolves on its own without the need for treatment, but in some cases, it may cause serious complications. By examining the hematoma, the gynecologist decides on the treatment method according to its size and the time interval until delivery. A hematoma detected in the first trimester causes less complications than a hematoma in the second trimester. Risks and complications of pregnancy hematoma Hematomas that do not grow are less of a concern, but if they do grow, they may cause the placenta to detach from its attachment site in the uterus. If more than 30% of the placenta is displaced, it can cause the hematoma to enlarge and, as a result, cause a domino effect in which the membrane (amniotic sac) ruptures earlier and leads to spontaneous abortion. ### Complications of placental hematoma for the fetus The greatest risk of placental hematoma for the fetus is an increased risk of miscarriage or premature birth. However, in most cases, pregnancy hematoma does not cause problems for the fetus and most women have a healthy pregnancy and delivery despite the hematoma. However, if the hematoma becomes large, it may pose risks to the fetus. Also, hematoma formation after 20 weeks of pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage or premature birth. **Other articles: 12 causes of recurrent miscarriage** Pregnancy hematoma treatment Pregnancy hematoma usually does not require medical treatment, but it can be managed with methods. According to the size and position of the hematoma and the time interval until delivery, the doctor recommends regular examinations and ultrasound tests and may perform the following treatment measures: **1. Hematoma treatment before the 20th week of pregnancy:** - Reducing physical activity and avoiding lifting heavy objects - More sleep and absolute rest in bed - Avoiding sex - In case of bleeding, cramping or contraction, you should probably be admitted to the hospital - To evaluate the size of the hematoma, regular ultrasound tests are prescribed **2. Hematoma treatment after 20 weeks of pregnancy:** - If needed, anti-D immune globulin for people who are Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive - Regular ultrasound to check fetal growth - If contractions start, treatment for premature labor is performed - In case of bleeding after 24 weeks of pregnancy, you should be hospitalized.