Choosing the right treatment method depends on the type of male gonadal cancer and its stage. The medical team will also consider your general health status and personal preferences. In the following, we examine the most common methods of testicular tumor treatment. ### 1. Surgery Surgical removal of the testicle, called radical inguinal orchiectomy, is the first recommended treatment for most types of cancer. If the disease has not spread beyond the testicles, this procedure may be all you need. If there is a possibility that the cancer has spread, surgery may be recommended to remove some of the lymph nodes. These glands are examined in the laboratory to confirm the presence of cancer. This type of surgery is mostly performed to treat non-seminoma cancer. Testicle surgery is associated with risks such as bleeding and infection. If surgery is performed to remove the lymph nodes, there may be a risk of nerve damage. Surgeons try to protect nerves; But sometimes problems are unavoidable. If the nerve is cut, there may be problems with ejaculation; But erection is not affected. ### 2. Chemotherapy In this method, strong drugs are used to destroy cancer cells. These drugs travel throughout the body and destroy malignant cells that have spread beyond the testicle. Chemotherapy is usually given after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells. In cases where the cancer is very advanced, it may be done before surgery. Chemotherapy side effects depend on the type of drugs used and usually include fatigue, hearing loss and increased risk of infection. Chemotherapy can also stop the body from producing sperm. In most cases, sperm production resumes after recovery. But sometimes, infertility occurs permanently. ### 3. Radiation therapy In radiation therapy, high-energy rays are used to destroy cancer cells. This method is usually used to treat seminoma cancer. Side effects of radiation therapy include nausea and fatigue. This method can also temporarily reduce sperm count and affect fertility. ### 4. Immunotherapy The immune system naturally fights diseases by attacking microbes and abnormal cells. But cancer cells can survive by hiding from its sight. Immunotherapy helps the immune system identify and destroy these cells. Immunotherapy is sometimes used to treat advanced cancer. This method may be considered as an alternative when the cancer does not respond to other treatments. Prevention of male gonadal tumor There is no surefire way to prevent gonadal cancer. Some doctors recommend regular testicular self-exams. In this procedure, you feel your testicles to look for lumps or abnormal changes. Of course, not all doctors agree with this recommendation. Because no research has shown that self-exams can reduce the risk of death from testicular tumors. Even if this cancer is diagnosed in advanced stages, it is usually curable. However, getting to know the normal state of the testicles can be useful. You can find out possible changes by self-examination. If you notice changes that last more than 2 weeks, it is better to see a doctor. > Kausar Pathobiology Specialized Laboratory, proud to obtain ISO 15189, ISO 10002 and ISO 9001 of the European Union, under the supervision of Dr. Ali Ayatollahi, an anatomical and clinical pathology specialist, covers more than a thousand cases of various tests in the fields of pathology, genetics and clinical. (Contract party of basic insurances and most supplementary insurances) Also, genetic counseling is provided free of charge in this center by experts.* > > *Address: Mashhad - Vakilabad - Kausar Blvd. - between 2 and 4 Kausar - Farabi Doctors Building - negative one floor. Contact numbers: 051-38840404 and 051-38820202 and 09028840404* > > **Kowsar specialized laboratory, having the equipment and experienced personnel, is able to perform sampling services at home in Mashhad.**