What is endometriosis?

by website of Dr. Behnaz Sharafuddin, specialist in gynecology, childbirth and infertility | Mehr 1, 2018

Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to what lines the uterus It covers other parts of the body, especially the pelvic organs, grows, reproduces and functions. Endometriosis affects women of any age, but it is more common in the ages of 30-50. It is a long-term disease and can have a profound and significant effect on your life, but there are treatments that can help. One of its types is rectovaginal endometriosis, which is associated with anal pain during periods.

Symptoms Endometriosis What is it?

Its symptoms can be diverse. Some women are severely affected, while others may have no significant symptoms.

What are the main symptoms of endometriosis?

• Pain in the lower abdomen or back or pelvic pain. It is often aggravated during periods.
• Pain during periods to the extent that it prevents normal daily activities.
• Pain during or after sex
• Pain during defecation or urination during periods
• Feeling sick, constipation, diarrhea or the presence of blood in feces during periods
• Difficulties in getting pregnant

You may have heavy bleeding (heavy period). You may use a lot of pads or tampons.

Endometriosis can be very affecting for many women and sometimes lead to depression.

When to see a doctor for endometriosis?

It is difficult to diagnose endometriosis. This is because its symptoms are very variable and other diseases can also cause similar symptoms.

Your doctor will ask you about the symptoms and examine you and offer you treatment. If normal treatments are not effective, ultrasound, MRI or laparoscopy will be suggested to you.

What is laparoscopy? (Laparoscopy)

It is a procedure in which the surgeon passes a narrow rod through a small hole around the navel to see and examine the inside of the abdomen and pelvis through it. This is the only sure way to diagnose endometriosis.

What is endometriosis pain like?

Pelvic pain may start with your period and last for several days, it can be sharp and vague, it is often relieved with painkillers.

Some women say: it is so severe that they feel that their pelvic organs are being pulled out, sometimes the pain is throbbing and gnawing.

The uterus and ovaries are located near the waist and lower abdomen and may also affect the lower back (backache).

Many women have pain during sex or up to two days after, which may be vague or shooting, some describe it as pain in the pelvic area, (Painful sex).

Painful bowel movements

Depending on the area affected by endometriosis, it may be painful to go to the bathroom slow, and if it is severe, it may cause bleeding and constipation.

Effect of endometriosis on infertility

Endometriosis may make it difficult to conceive.

If the tissue inside the uterus grows outside it, it creates (scars or adhesions and frequent wounds), which can affect the fallopian tubes, which prevents the meeting of the sperm with the egg, thus preventing fertility. It prevents the egg and its implantation in the uterus.

Surgery can remove the tissues that are extra formed and make it easier to get pregnant, otherwise you may need help from assisted reproductive methods such as IVF to get pregnant.

CausesWhat is endometriosis? (causes)

The cause of endometriosis is unknown.

Several theories have been proposed including:

• Genetics, conditions that make it more common in the family.
• Return of menstrual blood when some of the blood with the lining of the uterus goes to the fallopian tube and into the pelvis and is implanted on the pelvic organs (instead of leaving the body as a period).
• Autoimmune conditions are a problem in the immune system, which means the body's normal defense against diseases and infection.
• Endometrial cells are spread through the blood circulation or the lymphatic system. And this causes pain and other symptoms of endometriosis. Although its exact cause is unknown, but since it is seen more frequently in a family, the hypothesis of its genetic cause is suggested. Other causes that may play a role in the development of endometriosis include:

  In a normal state, the body's immune system should destroy the endometrial tissue that has inappropriately entered the pelvis or other tissue, a defect in the function of the immune system may be the cause of endometriosis.

  Does tissue damage cause endometriosis? Is it endometriosis?

  Some studies show that trauma to the tissues adjacent to the uterus may cause transfer of endometrial tissue, ultimately leading to endometriosis. For example, women who undergo cesarean surgery may have endometriosis lesions at or near the cesarean section.

  Effect of hormones on endometriosis

  Estrogen at a high level or problems in the balance between estrogen or other hormones may lead to endometriosis.

  But none of these theories explain the cause of endometriosis. It is possible that this disease is the result of a number of these causes.

  Rectovaginal endometriosis (Rectovaginal)

  Rectovaginal endometriosis happens when endometriosis tissue sticks to the rectum (the end of the large intestine) or the area between the two.

  Rectovaginal endometriosis It can affect the following areas:

  • vagina
  • rectum
  • recto uterine pouch
  • rectovaginal septum
  • uterosacral ligaments

  This may interfere with the activity of the bowel and block part of the bowel. The pieces of tissue that stick to the outside of the uterus and are similar to the lining tissue inside the uterus (endometrium) create adhesions, these adhesions create large and growing areas, which interfere with the normal activity of organs, sometimes causing infection and bleeding at the site. Endometriosis is divided depending on how severe it is and how much endometriosis tissue has formed in which places.

  Rectovaginal endometriosis is the severe stage of the disease, the most severe form of which affects 4 to 37% of patients who have endometriosis.

  Women with rectovaginal endometriosis may have these symptoms in addition to the symptoms mentioned.

  Symptoms Rectovaginal endometriosis

  • Heavy (severe) periods
  • Bleeding between two periods
  • Severe pelvic cramps
  • Pain during sex
  • Bladder pain
  • Inability to control urine and stool
  • Infertility

  Women with rectovaginal endometriosis may experience these symptoms in addition to the above symptoms Do:

  • Pain during bowel movements
  • Bleeding from the anus
  • Feeling of tension and pressure during bowel movements
  • IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) symptoms such as constipation and diarrhea
  • Severe stomach pain
  • Feeling of inflammation in the stomach, vagina, rectum and the area between the vagina and anus
  • Bloating and fluid accumulation

  All those who have endometriosis have these symptoms. and the severity of these symptoms is not proportional to the severity of the disease, that is, some have chronic pain with mild endometriosis, while others only have mild pain with severe rectovaginal pain.

  Treatment Endometriosis

  Currently, there is no definitive treatment for endometriosis, but there are ways to make it easier to bear.

  Treatments include: :

  • Pain relief with ibuprofen or acetaminophen
  • Hormonal and anti-pregnancy treatments, including the Mirena IUD contraceptive pill and gonadotropin hormone (GNRH) analogs
  • Surgery to remove areas of endometriosis
  • Surgery to remove tissues affected by endometriosis, such as surgery to remove the uterus (hysterectomy)

  One of the The complications that endometriosis causes is difficulty getting pregnant (infertility).

  Surgery to remove endometriosis tissues can help and increase the chances of pregnancy, although there is no guarantee that you will be able to get pregnant.

  After endometriosis surgery, your doctor will give you a sufficient explanation.

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  Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to that which covers the inside of the uterus grows, multiplies and functions in other areas of the body, especially the pelvic organs... (click on the link below to continue)

  Endometriosis What is it?

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