قلب انسان از چهار حفره اصلی و چهار دریچه حیاتی تشکیل شده است که هماهنگی کامل آن‌ها برای حفظ گردش خون ضروری است. یکی از این دریچه‌ها، دریچه تریکوسپید قلب یا همان دریچه سه لتی است که بین دهلیز راست و بطن راست قرار دارد. وظیفه اصلی این دریچه، کنترل جریان خون از دهلیز راست به بطن راست و جلوگیری از برگشت خون در زمان انقباض بطن است. هرگونه اختلال در عملکرد این دریچه می‌تواند منجر به مشکلات جدی برای سلامت فرد شود.

نارسایی دریچه تریکوسپید قلب به شرایطی گفته می‌شود که دریچه به‌طور کامل بسته نمی‌شود و در نتیجه بخشی از خون در هنگام انقباض بطن راست به سمت دهلیز راست بازمی‌گردد. این اختلال در سطوح مختلفی از نارسایی خفیف دریچه سه لتی تا مراحل شدیدتر مشاهده می‌شود. Although in mild cases there may not be many symptoms, in the long term it can cause dilatation of the tricuspid heart valve, increased pressure in the right atrium, symptoms of heart failure and other problems.

In this article, the role of the tricuspid valve, the symptoms and methods of diagnosing its insufficiency, related complications and risks, treatment methods including drug treatment of tricuspid valve insufficiency will be examined in detail. and surgery, as well as the importance of modern technologies such as 3D echo in diagnosis We will pay this disease

The tricuspid valve of the heart and its vital role in the function of the heart

The tricuspid valve of the heart is composed of three leaflets or curtains that are responsible for opening from the right atrium when the right ventricle fills and closing completely when the right ventricle contracts. This correct function causes the blood to be transferred to the lungs through the pulmonary artery to take oxygen. The tricuspid valve, along with other heart valves, is part of the coordinated and complex system of the heart, and any problem in it can have serious consequences. Among the common problems associated with this valve, two main categories can be mentioned: aria-level="1">Tricuspid valve stenosis that prevents blood from passing from the atrium to the ventricle.

The importance of this valve becomes more apparent when we know that even a mild insufficiency of the tricuspid valve can lead to an increase in the volume of returned blood and damage to other parts of the heart.

Symptoms and diagnosis methods of tricuspid valve failure

Tricuspid heart valve failure can remain asymptomatic for a long time. But as the disease progresses, several symptoms appear that bring the patient to the doctor.

common symptoms

• Constant feeling of fatigue and weakness due to decreased proper blood supply.
• Swelling in the feet and ankles due to fluid accumulation.
• Shortness of breath, especially during activity.
• Enlargement of the liver due to increased pressure and blood return.
• Feeling of heaviness in the abdomen due to fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity.

In some special cases, such as fetal tricuspid valve insufficiency, the symptoms are detected indirectly and through prenatal echocardiography. This issue shows the high importance of prenatal screening and care.

diagnosis methods

accurate diagnosis of this disease requires a combination of clinical examination and paraclinical methods:

• 2D and 3D echocardiography: the most accurate diagnostic method that shows blood flow and valve function. Especially, 3D echo in recent years has been a great help in checking the shape and function of the valve.
• MRI of the heart: in cases where a more detailed examination of the return blood volume is needed.
• Heart Bar and Exercise test: to examine the effects of heart failure on the overall function of the heart.

With the help of these tools, the severity of the disease can be determined. classified and chose the best treatment method for the patient.

The role of modern technologies such as 3D echo in the diagnosis and treatment of tricuspid valve insufficiency

The advancement of technology in the field of medicine has created a great transformation in the diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases. One of these technologies is the 3D echo of the heart, which provides a very accurate picture of the structure and function of the tricuspid valve of the heart. aria-level="1">Show the real shape of the valve and the movement of the slats.

In addition to 3D echo, other advanced imaging methods such as MRI and CT scan can also provide doctors with valuable information for treatment decisions. Using these services provides more accurate diagnosis and more effective treatment for patients.

Complications of tricuspid valve insufficiency and its impact on patients' health

Tricuspid valve insufficiency, if not treated, can have serious consequences on the patient's health. These complications occur especially in moderate to severe stages of the disease.

The most important complications are:

• Right sided heart failure: It is one of the most serious consequences that causes extreme fatigue, swelling of the organs and enlargement of the liver.
• Heart rhythm disturbance: especially atrial fibrillation, which is the most common arrhythmia in these patients.
• Dilation of the tricuspid valve of the heart: Due to the continuous pressure of the returning blood, the valve and the right atrium gradually expand.
• Damage to other organs: including the liver and kidneys, which are under pressure due to blood congestion.

In fact, even mild tricuspid valve insufficiency, if not followed up and treated, can lead to these serious complications in the long term. For this reason, timely diagnosis and starting treatment are very important.

Treatment methods of tricuspid valve insufficiency (medical and surgical)

Choosing the treatment method depends on the severity of the disease, The patient's general condition and symptoms.

Drug treatment of tricuspid valve regurgitation

In mild to moderate cases, the doctor usually uses drugs to control symptoms:

• Diuretics to reduce swelling and fluid retention.
• Anti-arrhythmic drugs in case of rhythm disorder.
• Pulmonary blood pressure lowering drugs in case of high blood pressure in the lungs.

These methods do not cure the disease definitively, but they reduce symptoms and prevent its progression.

Treatment Surgery

In severe cases, surgery is the best option. There are two main methods:

• Tricuspid valve repair: trying to preserve the original valve by modifying its structure.
• Valve replacement: use of mechanical or biological valves if the valve is unrepairable.

The decision about surgery is made based on the severity of the failure, heart function and general condition of the patient.

Conclusion

The tricuspid valve of the heart is one of the vital components of the blood circulation system, whose dysfunction can lead to serious diseases. From mild tricuspid regurgitation to more advanced stages, all require medical attention and follow-up. The complications of this disease can affect the patient's life, from dilatation of the tricuspid heart valve to heart failure and damage to vital organs. Fortunately, with the development of diagnostic methods such as 3D echo and various medical and surgical treatments, it is possible to control and effectively treat this disease. The important thing is that patients can maintain their quality of life by observing symptoms, visiting a cardiologist regularly and following medical recommendations.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is fetal tricuspid valve insufficiency diagnosed?
This type of failure is usually detected in ultrasound or echocardiography of the fetus during pregnancy. Careful follow-up by a gynecologist and fetal heart specialist is necessary to manage these conditions.

Does mild tricuspid valve insufficiency need treatment?
In many cases, mild insufficiency is controlled only by regular follow-up and taking simple medications. But lack of follow-up can cause the disease to worsen over time.

What is the best way to diagnose tricuspid valve insufficiency?
Today, 3D echocardiography is the best and most accurate method to check valve function and shape. This method provides more complete information to the doctor than the two-dimensional echo. elementor-element-f2d8fd9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="f2d8fd9" data-element_type="container" data-settings='{"sticky":"top","sticky_offset":65,"sticky_parent":"yes","sticky_on":["widescreen","desktop","laptop"],"sticky_effects_offset":0,"sticky_anchor_link_offset":0}'>