Neutropenia is a condition in which the amount of neutrophils in the blood is abnormally low. Neutrophils are an important type of white blood cell that are vital for fighting pathogens, especially bacterial infections. These people should stay away from infection so that this disease does not affect different body systems. **What is Vetropenia?** As we said, white blood cells decrease in a patient with neutropenia. In adults, a count of 1,500 neutrophils per microliter of blood or less is considered mild neutropenia, and a count below 500 per microliter is considered severe. In severe cases, even bacteria normally found in the mouth, skin, and gut can cause serious infections. Neutropenia can be caused by decreased production of neutrophils, rapid utilization of neutrophils, increased destruction of neutrophils, or a combination of all three factors. Neutropenia can be temporary or chronic. This disease is also divided into two states: "congenital" and "acquired" neutropenia. **types of neutropenia** There are different types of this disease and the severity of each varies. Types of neutropenia include: 1. **Periodic neutropenia:** This is a rare congenital syndrome that causes fluctuations in the number of neutrophils. It is estimated to affect 1 in 1,000,000 people. 2. **Koustmann syndrome:** This is a genetic disorder in which neutrophils are produced at lower levels. People with Kostmann syndrome are prone to infections from an early age. 3. **Chronic idiopathic neutropenia:** This is a relatively common version of neutropenia that mainly affects women. 4. **Autoimmune neutropenia:** This condition occurs when a person's immune system attacks neutrophils and destroys them. 5. **Schwachman-Diamond syndrome:** This is a rare genetic disorder that has multiple effects, including short stature, pancreatic problems, and low neutrophil counts. 6. Neonatal neutropenia: Here, the mother's antibodies cross the placenta and attack the developing fetus's neutrophils. This condition usually resolves spontaneously within 2 months. This disease can be asymptomatic or lead to sepsis. Neutrophils are produced in the bone marrow and in the center of larger bones. Anything that disrupts this process can cause neutropenia. Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia commonly occurs in cancer treatment. In fact, about half of cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy will experience some level of this disease. Other potential causes of neutropenia include: - Blood cancer - Dependence on alcohol - Pearson's syndrome - Hypersplenism or enlarged spleen - Certain medications, including antibiotics and medications for high blood pressure, mental disorders, and epilepsy. - Barrett's syndrome (a genetic disorder that affects different systems) - Myelodysplastic syndromes (are a group of disorders characterized by blood cell dysfunction and bone marrow production problems) - Myelofibrosis (a rare bone marrow problem also called osteomyelofibrosis) - Vitamin deficiency, especially vitamin B12, folate and copper deficiency. Sepsis (a bloodstream infection that consumes neutrophils faster than they are produced) Certain infections, including hepatitis A, B, and C, AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, dengue fever, and Lyme disease. Additionally, some autoimmune conditions can target neutrophils and reduce their numbers. These conditions include: - Crohn's disease - Joint rheumatism - Lupus Premature babies are more likely to be born with neutropenia than babies born close to their due date. This condition affects 6 to 8 percent of infants who are kept in the intensive care unit. As a general rule, the younger the child, the more likely he is to develop neutropenia. > Kausar Pathobiology Laboratory, proud to obtain ISO 15189, ISO 10002 and ISO 9001 of the European Union, under the supervision of Dr. Ali Ayatollahi, an anatomical and clinical pathology specialist, more than a thousand cases of various tests, in the fields It covers pathology, genetics and clinical. (Contract party of basic insurances and most supplementary insurances) Also, genetic counseling is provided free of charge in this center by experts.* > > *Address: Mashhad - Vakilabad - Kausar Blvd. - between 2 and 4 Kausar - Farabi Doctors Building - negative one floor. Contact numbers: 051-38840404 and 051-38820202 and 09028840404* > > **Kowsar specialized laboratory, having the equipment and experienced personnel, is able to perform sampling services at home in Mashhad.**