Polycystic ovary syndrome Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common hormonal abnormality among women of reproductive age. Women with this syndrome have irregular and long menstrual periods and excessive levels of male hormones (androgens). Duration of type 2 diabetes and heart disease... ### Polycystic ovary symptoms Signs and symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome often occur in the first period during puberty. Sometimes they develop later in response to significant weight gain. - **Irregular Menstruation:** Irregular or long menstrual cycles are the most common symptom of this syndrome.. For example, sometimes you have less than 9 periods during the year and the interval between two periods is more than 35 days, and each menstrual period is very heavy.. Ovum.. As a result, the ovaries cannot perform their duties regularly. See a doctor?... If you're concerned about your periods, see your doctor if you experience infertility or symptoms of excess androgens, such as worsening hair growth, acne, acne, decay, or a bad skin pattern.. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown.. Factors that play a role include: - **Excess insulin:** Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas that allows cells to use sugar as their main source of energy... If your cells become resistant to the action of insulin, blood sugar levels rise and the body produces more insulin.. Excess insulin increases androgen production and causes problems in the ovaries. Describes the fight against infection.. called Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.... - **Excess Androgen:** The ovaries produce abnormally high levels of androgens, causing hair loss and acne.... ### Polycystic Ovary Diagnosis There is no test that can definitively diagnose polycystic syndrome.. To diagnose this disease, the obstetrician and gynecologist will ask questions about your medical history... these questions include menstrual periods and weight changes... physical examination; Among other things, controlling the symptoms of hair growth, insulin resistance, and acne are also requested for a definitive diagnosis. These tests include: - **Pelvic test:** Your blood is analyzed to evaluate the level of hormones.... This test sometimes cannot detect some causes of menstrual abnormalities or excessive androgens that cause this syndrome.... You should do another blood test to evaluate glucose resistance and fasting cholesterol and triglyceride levels... It emits sound waves that are converted into images on the computer screen.... If this If the syndrome is diagnosed in you, the doctor will recommend other tests for this problem... These tests include: - Periodic examination of blood pressure, glucose resistance and cholesterol and triglyceride levels - Screening for depression and anxiety - Obstructive sleep apnea screening ### How is polycystic syndrome treated?... Treatment for this syndrome focuses on managing individual concerns such as infertility, hair loss, acne, or obesity... Specific treatment includes lifestyle changes or medication... #### Lifestyle changes The doctor recommends weight loss through a low-calorie diet combined with gentle exercise.... Even moderate weight loss, say 5% of body weight, can improve the condition.... Weight loss increases the effect of the medicine prescribed by the doctor and also helps with infertility.... #### Medicines To regulate the menstrual cycle, the doctor prescribes the following: - **Combination of contraceptive pills:** Pills that contain estrogen and progesterone, reduce the production of androgens and regulate estrogen... - **Regulate hormones:** It can reduce the risk of endometrial cancer and treat abnormal bleeding, hair growth and acne... - Instead of pills, you can use a pill or a vaginal pill and a combination of estrogen.. Progesterone... #### Progesterone therapy Taking progesterone for a period of 10 to 14 days for one to two months can regulate menstrual cycles and protect you from endometrial cancer.. Progesterone therapy does not improve androgen levels and does not prevent pregnancy. If you want to prevent pregnancy, progesterone-only pills or an intrauterine device containing progesterone are better options. - **Clomifene:** This oral anti-estrogen drug is used in the first part of your menstrual cycle. - **Letrozole:** This breast cancer treatment can be used to stimulate the ovaries. - **Metformin:** This oral medication for type 2 diabetes improves insulin resistance and lowers insulin levels. **Gonadotropin:** These hormonal drugs are also injected into the body.. - **Contraceptive pills:** These pills control the production of androgens that cause hair growth... - **Spironolactone:** This drug blocks the effects of androgens in the skin... If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, this drug is not prescribed.. - **Eflornithine:** This cream can grow Slow down facial hair in women - **Electrolysis:** A tiny needle is inserted into each follicle... This needle emits a pulse of electric current and finally destroys the follicle... You will need several treatment sessions...