**Osteonecrosis of the hip** is a painful disease that occurs when blood flow to the head of the femur (femur) is cut off.... Since bone cells need constant blood flow to stay healthy, **osteonecrosis** can eventually lead to destruction of **hip joints** and **severe necrotizing arthritis or AV avascular necrosis.. Necrosis... although this disease can occur in any If a bone occurs, the most common site is the hip joint.... More than 20,000 people visit hospitals every year for treatment of osteonecrosis of the hip joint.... In many cases, both hip joints are involved.... Anatomy of the hip joint The hip joint is a ball and socket joint: - **Ball**: It is formed by the acetabulum, which is part of the large hip bone.... - **Ball**: It is the head of the thigh bone (femur), which forms the upper part of the femur.... The surface of the ball and ball is covered with articular cartilage, a smooth and slippery substance that easily protects the femur.. Osteonecrosis of the hip joint Osteonecrosis of the femur occurs when blood flow to the femoral head is impaired....Without adequate nutrition, the femoral head bone dies and gradually collapses....As a result, the articular cartilage that covers the femur bones also collapses, leading to debilitating arthritis....This disease can affect more than 5 to 6 men..Women with osteonecrosis of the hip joint transform joints....Risk factors It's not always clear what causes reduced blood flow, but doctors have identified a number of risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing osteonecrosis: - **Injury**: Dislocation of the hip joint, hip fractures and other injuries to the hip joint can damage blood vessels and disrupt blood flow in the head of the bone... - **Corticosteroid drugs**: Many diseases including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus are treated with steroid drugs.... Although the exact reason is not known, research shows that between long-term use Corticosteroids and osteonecrosis are related.... - **Underlying diseases**: Osteonecrosis disease (Kosbi disease or B) is associated with osteonecrosis diseases (Kosbi disease or B), sickle cell disease, myeloproliferative disorders, angle disease, systemic lupus, Crohn's disease, arterial embolism, thrombosis and vasculitis... symptoms of osteonecrosis of the hip joint Osteonecrosis progresses in stages....hip pain is usually the first symptom....this pain may appear as a dull or throbbing pain in the groin or buttock....as the disease progresses, it becomes more difficult to stand and bear weight on the affected joint, and it will be painful to move the hip joint....the progression of the disease may take from a few months to over a year, because the diagnosis of osteosis can take from a few months to over a year..earlier with better results It is accompanied... Medical examination of osteonecrosis of the hip joint After reviewing your symptoms and medical history, your doctor will examine your hip joint to determine which specific movements cause pain. Patients with osteonecrosis often have severe hip pain, but have relatively good range of motion. Imaging studies help the doctor confirm the diagnosis: - **X-ray**: X-rays provide images of dense bone-like structures.... This method is used to determine whether or not the bone in the femoral head has collapsed and to what extent.... Osteonecrosis usually appears as a wedge-shaped area with a dense, white border (sclerosis) on the upper lateral part of the lateral part of the head, a visible mark under the thigh.. The surface of the femoral head... is visible... - ** MRI **: Early bone changes that may not be seen on x-rays can be detected with an MRI scan. These scans are used to assess the extent of the disease's effect on the bone. MRI can also show early osteonecrosis that has not yet caused symptoms (such as osteonecrosis of the opposite hip joint).. As the disease progresses, surgery is the most successful treatment option.. Several surgical procedures are used to treat osteonecrosis of the hip: #### **Pressure relief and blind bone transplant** This procedure involves drilling a large hole or several small holes in the head of the femur to reduce pressure on the bone and create channels for new blood vessels to feed the damaged areas of the hip joint. When osteonecrosis of the hip is diagnosed in the early stages, decompression therapy is sometimes successful in preventing the femoral head from collapsing. A graft helps restore healthy bone and support cartilage in the hip. are... the process of bone regeneration... important Discuss your options with your surgeon.. Another surgical option is a vascular fibula graft.. In this procedure, part of the lower leg bone (also a bone) is removed along with its blood supply (an artery and a vein). If the osteonecrosis has reached a stage where the femoral head has already collapsed, the most successful treatment is a total hip replacement. In this procedure, the doctor removes the damaged bone and cartilage, and then places new metal or plastic surfaces to restore the function of the hip joint. Osteonecrosis depends on the timing of the procedure..Blind decompression achieves the best results when osteonecrosis is diagnosed in the early stages, before the bone breaks..avoid pressure on the affected bone....Patients who have a successful blind decompression are usually back to walking without assistance in about 3 months and may be completely pain free....Fibula grafting is an invasive procedure that requires several months of recovery....usually no weight bearing for the first few weeks do.. then you gradually begin to bear weight using assistive devices (walker or crutches).. If vascular fibular grafting is performed before femoral head collapse, clinical results are usually favorable.. When osteonecrosis is diagnosed after bone collapse, blind decompression is usually not successful in preventing further collapse, and in this situation, the best course of treatment for the patient is a successful return.