How dangerous is a hole in the heart of children?

2 months ago

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VSD is the most common congenital heart defect in children. These holes are often treatable. In this article, I decided to fully introduce this common heart defect. In the next articles, the treatment method will be explained. What is VSD? ### A congenital heart defect Children's heart hole, VSD VSD is a type of congenital heart defect. This means your baby was born with it. A VSD is a hole in the wall (septum) of the heart that separates the two lower chambers of the heart (right and left ventricles). VSD is the most common type of congenital heart defect. ### Normal blood flow in the heart The heart has four chambers: two upper parts (atria) and two lower parts (ventricles). Oxygen-rich blood flows from the left atrium to the left ventricle by pumping the heart and is pumped to the whole body. That is, where vital organs use oxygen. Blood with less oxygen flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle and to the lungs. In the lungs, the blood gets more oxygen by exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. ### Blood flow in VSD Normally, the wall between the chambers of the heart prevents blood from mixing between the two chambers of the heart. A VSD, or ventricular wall defect, allows oxygen-rich (red) blood to pass through the abnormal opening into the left ventricle. It then mixes with the oxygen-poor (blue) blood in the right ventricle.

A VSD or large ventricular wall defect can cause high pressure in the blood vessels of the lungs. This high pressure in the long term can lead to a decrease in the level of oxygen in the body. If your child has a VSD or a larger ventricular wall defect, it may need repair. Babies and children with VSDs or large ventricular wall defects usually have symptoms such as rapid breathing and more difficult breathing than normal. In very small holes in the ventricular wall, not much blood usually passes through the hole. In these cases, the heart and lungs do not have to work as hard. Sometimes these small holes close on their own. There are different types of VSD or ventricular wall defect (VSD). The type of SD your child has depends on which part of the wall between the ventricles is involved. The size of the hole opening is also different.

Children's perforated heart or VSD may occur more often in some families. This is due to genetic problems. But most of the time, doctors don't know the cause of VSD.

A hole in your baby's heart may have symptoms from birth. Or your child may not have symptoms until they are older. The size of the opening affects the severity of your child's symptoms. So is the age when your child first develops symptoms. If the hole is small, the only symptom may be a heart murmur that your child's doctor hears with a stethoscope. In a VSD with a larger opening, the heart and lungs have to work harder. When the heart and lungs work more, it can cause symptoms such as the following: - Fatigue - Fast breathing - Difficulty breathing - Pale skin - Fast heartbeat - Enlarged liver - Poor or boring feeding when feeding - Poor weight bearing Symptoms can be slightly different in each child. Also, symptoms of VSD may be similar to symptoms of other diseases.

To diagnose a hole in your child's heart, your child's doctor may notice an abnormal sound (heart murmur) when listening to your child's heart with a stethoscope. If this happens, your child's doctor may refer your child to a pediatric heart specialist (pediatric cardiologist). The tests your child has will depend on the doctor's age, condition, and preferences.### ECG This test records the electrical activity of the heart. It also shows abnormal rhythms (arrhythmias) and the pressure and size of the heart muscles. ### Echocardiography The echo machine uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart and heart valves. This test can show the size of the hole and the intensity of blood flow through the opening of the heart hole. Echo is used to diagnose VSD or ventricular wall defect (VSD). It is interesting to know. VSD can be diagnosed with echo even during pregnancy. I suggest you read the following article for more information. Photograph of chest radiograph in VSD X-ray shows the chest, heart and lungs. An enlarged heart may be identified using a chest X-ray. This is because the left ventricle receives more blood than normal. Changes may also occur in the lungs due to excess blood flow. I suggest you see the treatment methods of VSD and also how to live with VSD in the following article on this site. Treatment of children's VSD heart perforation

You can refer to the following sources for further study

https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=ventricular-septal-defect-vsd-90-P01829 https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140673610613396.pdf