Factors that lead to contact eczema

Darmankade Editorial Team List of skin and hair disorders and diseases Last updated: 3 years ago Published: 5 years ago 1 question

Awaiting review by the medical team of the medical school

What is contact eczema?

Contact eczema can be caused by two mechanisms: 1- Allergy 2- Irritation. A substance that causes contact skin sensitivity is called an allergen. Many people do not react to allergens, but a small number of people become sensitive to some substances (which they were not sensitive to in the previous contact) over time. More contact causes the appearance of itchy lesions.

Substances such as acids, solvents, alkalis and strong soaps and detergents usually cause irritating contact eczema. These irritating chemicals that can cause a reaction on anyone's skin are called irritants. Some chemicals are both irritating and allergenic.

Symptoms of contact eczema

In contact eczema, the skin is red and swollen and blisters. The blisters may burst and leave scabs and crusts. In later stages, the skin may darken and take on a leathery and wrinkled appearance. Differentiating contact eczema from other eczemas is sometimes difficult.

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Find the cause of contact eczema

Usually the dermatologist and the patient about the substances that are used with the skin at home and at work People call and discuss to find the allergen. best skin and hair specialist may also recommend a patch test. This test is an easy and safe way to detect contact sensitivities. Small amounts of potential allergens are stuck on the skin for a certain period (usually two days) with a special adhesive, and if a reaction occurs, the allergen will be identified. Common allergens include nickel, rubber, cement, leather, some topical medications, preservatives in creams and cosmetics, dyes, fragrances, poison ivy, poison oak, and plants like that.

Is skin eczema contagious?

Nickel sensitivity

Nickel is found in many metallic materials. Many chromium plated materials contain enough nickel to cause a reaction. There is also nickel in steel dishes, but its very strong bonds with other metals greatly reduce the possibility of contact eczema reactions to steel in nickel-sensitive people. Earrings containing nickel-containing materials can also cause ear skin sensitivity, which is one of the common problems in people who are allergic to nickel. This condition can even start with the needle used to pierce the ear or with the earrings themselves. In these people, needles that do not contain nickel should be used, and after that, nickel-free earrings should be used for at least 3 weeks.

Fixes made of nickel in clothes such as buckles, zippers, buttons and clips can cause allergies. Those who are allergic to nickel should use plastic clips.

Sweating increases the sensitivity to nickel in people who are sensitive to it. In the summer season, 15-20 minutes after contact with substances containing Nika, the skin feels itchy and burning. After a day or two, skin lesions may also appear. But if there is no sweating, you may be able to use these devices for several hours without any problems.

Allergy to rubber

Rubber materials often cause contact eczema. Chemicals in rubber cause these reactions. Those who are allergic to rubber should use other materials.

Rubber can also cause immediate allergic reactions such as burning, itching and hives at the point of contact with rubber. Some people experience itching and watery eyes and rarely shortness of breath after coming in contact with rubber.

These situations occur especially in people who wear tight and sticky rubber gloves (such as medical gloves). The skin of the hands may be sensitive in the place of contact with rubber gloves. In such cases, gloves made of vinyl or other synthetic materials should be used.

The presence of nylon fibers in underwear also causes contact skin sensitivities in the contact area of ​​clothing. In such cases, clothing without nylon materials should be used.

Most cases of contact eczema caused by shoes occur due to the rubber ingredients used in the shoe structure. Adhesives used in shoes can also cause problems. Even in leather shoes, glue may be used. In these cases, non-rubber shoes must be used.

Sensitivity to hair color

Most people can dye their hair without any problems. However, some people are allergic to paraphenylenediamine (PPD). This substance is present in permanent hair dyes that are mixed with other chemicals (such as peroxides).

People who are allergic to PPD should never use permanent hair dyes. About 1/4 of people sensitive to PPD are also sensitive to the substances in semi-permanent colors. Before using any hair dye, follow the instructions on the box to perform a skin sensitivity test.

Many people who are sensitive to PPD can use temporary dyes to dye their hair, but a small number of people are also allergic to these substances.

Although PPD dyes are rarely used in clothing, other dyes that cross-react with PPD are abundantly used to dye clothing. They go to work. As a result, some people sensitive to PPD cannot wear dark clothes and must use light colors. About 25% of people sensitive to PPD are also sensitive to some local anesthetics such as benzocaine. In these cases, alternative compounds should be used.

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Allergy to cosmetic products

Perfumes, lotions and cosmetics can cause contact allergic reactions.

Some people are sensitive to aromatic chemicals used in cosmetic products. Others are sensitive to chemical preservatives that are used to prevent spoilage of such products. These people should use fragrance-free products. But even fragrance-free products still have fragrances that are added to the product to cover the unpleasant smell of some chemicals. There are very few products that are truly preservative-free, but people may even be sensitive to one chemical preservative and not sensitive to other similar ingredients.

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Chromate sensitivity

Chromates are usually responsible for causing Contact sensitivity reactions are caused by contact with cement, leather, matches, paints and stainless materials. Contact with chrome is common in jobs related to the automotive, welding, casting, concrete pouring, railroad, and building restoration industries. Chromates are used to dye leather to make shoes and clothes. Shoe dermatitis may occur after wearing shoes made of chromated leather. These people should use shoes that are dyed with vegetable materials instead of chromate.

Some matches contain chromate. Extinguished matches, smoke from lighted matches, and burnt ends of matches also contain amounts of chromates and can cause allergies.

Allergy to poison ivy and related plants

This plant family includes poison ivy and poison oak. These plants are the cause of many cases of contact eczema. The resulting reaction is similar to other types of such reactions. Usually, a line of small blisters appear on the patient's skin at the point of contact with the plants. Patients sensitive to these poisonous plants are usually also sensitive to the oil products of these plants.

If you have skin problems, see the best dermatologists at darmankade site and book an appointment online from the doctor's office.

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