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early symptoms of prostate cancer | Comprehensive guide to early detection

Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men, especially in men over 50 years old. Many men may not notice any specific symptoms in the early stages of this disease, but awareness of the early symptoms of prostate cancer can play a key role in early diagnosis and effective treatment.

In this comprehensive article, we will examine the symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis methods and the right time to see a doctor.

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What is prostate cancer?

The prostate is a small gland the size of a walnut that is located under the bladder and is considered a part of the male reproductive system. This gland plays an important role in the production of semen. As you get older, the chance of prostate problems increases, including inflammation, benign enlargement, or even cancer.

How does prostate cancer develop?

Prostate cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the prostate begin to grow uncontrollably. This growth can cause cancerous masses over time. If this disease is not diagnosed early, it may spread to other organs such as bones.

Prostate cancer risk factors

Age and genetics

Aging is one of the main risk factors for prostate cancer. More than 60% of cases are seen in men over 65 years old. Also, if one of your first-degree relatives (father or brother) has a history of this disease, the probability of your getting it increases.

Lifestyle and nutrition

High-fat diet, high consumption of red meat, inactivity and obesity can all increase the risk of prostate cancer. On the other hand, consuming vegetables, fish and foods containing lycopene such as tomatoes can prevent this disease.

Family history and race

Studies have shown that men of African descent are more exposed to this type of cancer. Also, having a family history of cancer diseases such as breast or colon can also increase your risk. srcset="https://karajurology.ir/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/image-158.png 980w, https://karajurology.ir/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/image-158-300x225.png 300w, https://karajurology.ir/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/image-158-768x576.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px">

early symptoms of prostate cancer

In the early stages, prostate cancer is usually asymptomatic. But over time, symptoms may appear that can be carefully diagnosed early.

Urinary problems

Urine frequency, especially at night

One of the most common The first symptom of prostate cancer is the frequent need to urinate, especially at night. This state may cause sleep disturbances and excessive fatigue.

Difficulty starting or stopping urination

If you have trouble starting or stopping the flow of urine, you should take this symptom seriously. This symptom may be caused by tumor pressure on the urethra.

weak or interrupted flow of urine

weak flow of urine or accompanied by sudden stops can be another early symptom of prostate cancer that is usually ignored.

The presence of blood in urine or semen

Observation of blood in urine or semen is always worrying. Although it may be caused by other reasons, it can be one of the early symptoms of the disease and requires immediate investigation.

pain or burning during urination or ejaculation

This type of pain may be caused by inflammation or infection, but if it continues, it should be considered that it may be one of the early symptoms of prostate cancer Be it. https://karajurology.ir/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Prostate-Cancer-300x214.jpg 300w, https://karajurology.ir/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Prostate-Cancer-768x549.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px">

Pain in the lower back, pelvis or thigh

Continuous pain in these areas can indicate the spread of the tumor to the surrounding tissues. It is better to take these pains seriously with medical examinations.

Erectile dysfunction

Another less known symptom is the occurrence of erection problems. If you experience a decrease in sexual desire or sexual dysfunction, you should not ignore this symptom.

The difference between early symptoms and advanced symptoms

When the symptoms indicate the progress of the disease

In advanced stages, cancer The prostate may spread to bones and other organs, causing severe bone pain, sudden weight loss, fatigue, and even urinary incontinence. These symptoms usually appear when the disease is localized.

How does early diagnosis help?

Early diagnosis by regularly checking symptoms, doing PSA test and periodic examinations can prevent cancer progression and increase the chances of complete treatment. For this reason, it is very important to pay attention to the early symptoms of prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer diagnosis methods

What is the PSA test?

PSA (prostate-specific antigen) is a protein. which is measured in blood. An increase in its level can indicate inflammation, enlargement or cancer. This test is one of the main screening tools.

Physical examination of the prostate (DRE)

In this examination, the doctor examines the prostate by touching the anus for size, shape, and the presence of masses. Although this method seems simple, it can play an important role in early diagnosis.

The role of imaging and sampling

If the initial results are suspicious, the doctor may request an MRI or sampling (biopsy) of the prostate to determine the type and severity of cancer cells.

When should we see a doctor?

The importance of following suspicious symptoms

If you encounter any of the early symptoms of prostate cancer, even if they are mild, it is better to see a doctor as soon as possible. A delay in diagnosis can destroy the golden opportunity for treatment.

Regular screening for men over 50

Doctors recommend that men from the age of 50, especially if they have a family history, do a PSA test and physical examination once a year.

The importance of knowing the early symptoms

Knowing the early symptoms of prostate cancer can save many people's lives. Quick visit and timely medical examinations play a key role in effective control and treatment of the disease.

The role of lifestyle in prevention and early diagnosis

By choosing a healthy lifestyle, balanced diet, regular exercise and quitting smoking, the risk of infection can be reduced. Also, with regular screening, the possibility of early detection and successful treatment increases.

There are no warning signs for early prostate cancer. You cannot feel the growing tumor pressing on anything else, so there is no pain. You may have this disease for years and not know it. That's why regular prostate cancer screening is so important.

If you're non-binary or gender-expansive, you should still be aware of the potential risks of prostate cancer, especially for transgender women. There are no significant studies, but it is still possible to diagnose prostate cancer. So screening, especially if you have symptoms or a family history of cancer, can be a helpful decision.

When a tumor affects yourprostate gland or once the cancer spreads beyond your prostate.

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There may be symptoms of Sentence:

• The need to urinate frequently, especially at night
• Difficulty starting or stopping the flowUrine
• Weak flow or a flow that starts and stops
• Leaking urine when laughing orcough
• inability to urinate while standing
• pain or burning when urinating
• pain or burning when ejaculating
• having less fluid when ejaculating
• blood in the urine orSemen
• Pressure or pain in your rectum
• Pain or stiffness in the back, pelvis, pelvis, or thighs
• New trouble getting an erection

These are not symptoms of cancer itself. They occur because your prostate cancer is blocking its growth.

Symptoms of advancedprostate cancer include:

• A dull, deep pain or stiffness in the back, ribs, or upper thighs, pelvis. Pain in the bones in those areas
• Loss of weight and appetite
• Fatigue,Nausea or vomiting
• Swelling of your lower limbs
• Weakness orParalysis in the lower limbs, often accompanied byconstipation
• bowel problems

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These symptoms do not always mean that you have prostate cancer. Some other conditions may have similar symptoms. Prostatitis: This is often a bacterial infection that causes inflammation of your prostate gland. Less than half of men will experience it at some point. Medicines can treat it. Symptoms of prostatitis include:

• difficulty urinating
• burning, burning or pain when urinating
• urgent need to pass stool
• chillsandfever
• pain Back or body pain
• Pain in the lower abdomen or behind the scrotum or groin
• Pressure or pain in your rectum
• Sexual problems
• Pain during ejaculation

Benign hyperplasia Prostate (BPH): This is an enlarged prostate due to abnormal cell growth that is not caused by cancer.

Symptoms of BPH include:

• difficulty starting to urinate
• urinating often, especially at night
• feeling bladder you empty completely after urinating Not
• Strong or sudden urge to urinate
• Weak or slow flow of urine
• Urine flow that stops and starts several times during urination
• Pressing or straining to start the flow of urine

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They may include:

• blood in your urine
• feeling painful or burning when urinating
• urgent or frequent need to urinate, even if your bladder is not full
• waking up At night to urinate

Erectile dysfunction: This condition makes it difficult for you to get or maintain an erection. It is also called impotence. The main symptoms of erectile dysfunction are the inability to get an erection or maintain it long enough to have sex.

Urinary tract infection (UTI): This can happen when bacteria grows in your bladder or kidney . Some infections are caused by BPH blocking the flow of urine from the bladder. Doctors treat them with antibiotics.

UTI symptoms include:

• a need to urinate more than usual or more
• a strong urge to urinate
• pain, discomfort or burning when urinating
• pain, Pressure or tenderness in your lower abdomen, side, or upper back
• urine that looks cloudy or smells bad
• fever
• chills
• nausea and vomiting

Back pain: This can happen if prostate cancer spreads to the bones in the back. It can make walking difficult. Over time, pain in this area can spread to other parts of your body.

Nerve pain: If prostate cancer presses on a nerve in your body, you can feel this type of pain. This sensation can be described as shooting, burning or tingling. Nerve pain can also cause numbness in an area.

Lymphedema: If prostate cancer spreads to your lymph nodes, it can cause lymphedema. This condition is caused by a blockage in your lymphatic system, which is part of your immune system. If your lymphatic system is blocked, fluid can build up and cause swelling in areas of the body. Lymphedema pain from prostate cancer can affect your legs, but it can also affect areas such as the penis or scrotum. Affected areas are described as feeling sore, stiff, or heaviness.