Review of contraceptive methods

Pregnancy prevention methods have different types. In this article, we are going to examine various methods of contraception.

What does pregnancy prevention mean?

Pregnancy prevention means using tools, drugs, sexual methods or surgical procedures to prevent the formation of sperm or pregnancy.

With these methods, people can choose the time of having a child and postpone it. There are different tools and methods for men and women

which helps to prevent pregnancy, which we will examine some of them in the following articles.

1. Natural methods

Pregnancy prevention methods in the traditional way do not use any tools or drugs, but in this method, people avoid penetration during sex.

Or in the case of penetration, when the man ejaculates, he pulls his penis out of the vagina to ejaculate outside the vagina. Of course, this method is only 80% effective, and this amount of effectiveness also depends on the accuracy of doing it.

2. Tools

Among other methods of pregnancy prevention, we can mention the use of contraceptives. These tools prevent the sperm from reaching the egg

Or some of them may also contain things that destroy sperm. Among these prevention tools, the following can be mentioned:

Male condom

The male condom prevents sperm from entering the vagina and prevents pregnancy. This device is a covering made of polyurethane or latex, which a man puts on his penis before penetration.

It should be noted that this device, in addition to being one of the contraceptive methods, is also used as a prevention of various sexually transmitted diseases.

According to statistics, its effectiveness is 82%. This tool can be purchased from pharmacies or even stores.

Female condom

The female condom is made of polyurethane and there is a flexible ring on both sides, one of these rings is placed behind the pelvis to keep the condom in place, and the other ring remains outside the vagina.

It may be placed in the vagina before entering the spermicide and destroy the sperm.

The effectiveness of the female condom in preventing pregnancy is 79%. You can get a prescription for female condoms from the pharmacy.

Sponge

The sponge is inserted into the vagina to prevent pregnancy and its hollow part is placed above the uterus.

The foam goes into the vagina using the device and destroys the sperm, and the sponge prevents the sperm from reaching the egg. If the woman is already pregnant, the effectiveness of the sponge will decrease.

Aperture

The diaphragm is a semi-circular rubber tool that enters the vagina and is placed above the uterus.

If the diaphragm is used together with spermicide, the effectiveness of preventing pregnancy is about 88%, but if it is used only about 77-83% is effective.

Cervical cap

This device is similar to a thimble and is made of latex, which is placed on the cervix and prevents entry

Sperm returns to the uterus. Before placing this device on the cervix, it is necessary to fill one third of it with spermicide.

Its effectiveness when used with spermicide is about 88% and alone 77-83%.

Injection

The birth control pill is a type of progesterone drug that has a long-term but compensable effect. The name of this drug is Depo Prora, also known as Depo or DMPA.

The effective rate of this pill is 94%, and the possibility of pregnancy increases as the pill wears off.

3. Types of medicine

Using medicine is also considered as one of the contraceptive methods. This method varies from pills to tools that are implanted by an obstetrician. Among the items used in this method, the following items can be mentioned:

Intrauterine Device (IUD)

The intrauterine device is a small and flexible device that is placed in the uterus by a gynecologist.

This device has two types, copper and hormonal. And it remains in the uterus until the person does not want to get pregnant. Depending on its type, the duration of use is from 3 to 10 years and it is more than 99% effective.

Contraceptive pill

The birth control pill is taken every day and contains two hormones, estrogen and progestin, which prevent ovulation and also cause the uterine wall to become thinner. Its effectiveness is about 91-95%.

Contraceptive adhesive

Contraceptive adhesive is placed on the skin and produces synthetic estrogen and progestin hormones.

This sticker is placed on the abdomen or buttocks every week for 3 weeks, and its effectiveness is 91%.

vaginal ring

The contraceptive ring is a flexible plastic ring that releases a small dose of estrogen and progestin within 3 weeks and prevents ovulation

And it also thickens the cervical mucus so that the sperm cannot move easily. Its effectiveness is 99%.

Implant

The implant is a rod with a progestin core that is placed under the skin of women's arms. The effect of the implant is up to 4 years, but it can be removed if you want to get pregnant. Its effectiveness is 99%.

emergency pill

The emergency contraceptive pill, which is known as the morning-after pill, can prevent pregnancy after penetration. This pill prevents ovulation, pregnancy or sperm formation.

This pill can be used up to 72 hours after penetration. During the first 24 hours, its effectiveness is 95%.

Also read about: similarities in pregnancy symptoms and ovarian cysts

4. Permanent methods of contraception

Among other types of contraceptive methods, permanent or sterilization methods can be mentioned.

This method is indicated in women by closing the fallopian tubes and implantation of the fallopian tubes. In men, the vasectomy method is also used, in which the tubes through which the sperm reaches ejaculation are closed.

Summary

Pregnancy prevention methods have different types, including natural methods, permanent methods, types of drugs and the use of different tools, which we discussed in this article.

For more information in this field, you can visit the site Dr. Azita Naseri.