تومور مغزی کاذب یا سودوتومور سربری زمانی رخ می‌دهد که فشار داخل جمجمه بدون هیچ دلیل مشخصی افزایش می‌یابد. نشانه‌های آن شبیه تومور مغزی است اما در واقع توموری وجود ندارد. زمانی که دلیل خاصی برای افزایش فشار در درون جمجمه کشف نشود، تومور کاذب مغزی ممکن است بیماری افزایش فشار داخل مغزی (idiopathic intracranial hypertension) نامیده شود. افزایش فشار داخل جمجمه وابسته به تومور کاذب مغزی موجب تورم عصب بینایی و در نتیجه آن از دست رفتن تدریجی بینایی شود. دارو می‌تواند باعث کاهش فشار شود اما در بعضی از موارد جراحی ضروری است.

علت بیماری

دلیل دقیق تومور کاذب مغزی در بسیاری از افراد معلوم نیست اما شاید مربوط به افزایش مقدار مایع مغزی‌نخاعی در داخل محدوده‌ استخوانی جمجمه باشد. مغز و نخاع توسط مایعی به نام مایع مغزی ‌نخاعی احاطه شده است که برای آنها مانند ضربه‌گیر عمل کرده و از این بافت‌های اصلی محافظت می‌کند. این مایع توسط مغز تولید شده و در نهایت جذب جریان خون می‌شود. افزایش فشار در درون‌جمجمه‌ در تومور مغزی کاذب شاید نتیجه‌ مشکلی در روند جذب این مایع باشد. در حالت کلی، فشار داخلی جمجمه وقتی افزایش می‌یابد که محتویات داخل جمجمه از ظرفیت آن بیشتر است. برای مثال، تومور مغزی باعث افزایش فشار داخل جمجمه می‌شود زیرا جایی برای برای تومور در نظر گرفته نشده است. اتفاقی مشابه زمانی رخ می‌دهد که مغز متورم شده یا مایع مغزی نخاعی بیشتر از حد معمول است. Many studies show that most patients with a pseudotumor brain have a type of narrowing (stenosis) in the two large venous sinuses in the brain (transverse sinuses).

Signs and symptoms of a pseudotumor brain include:

• Moderate or severe headachesthat originate behind the eyes and the pain worsens with movement.
• Ringing in the ears that matches the heartbeat has (ringing in the ears)
• blurred vision
• loss of vision in a short time that occurs in one or both eyes.
• difficulty seeing the sides
• two noses
• seeing flashes of light
• neck, shoulder,back pain

risk factors for developing Disease

The following factors are associated with pseudotumor brain tumors:

• Obesity

Obesity is known to be associated with pseudotumor brain tumors, occurring in 1 to 2 people per 100,000. In women who are obese, approximately 4 to 21 per 100,000 have this condition. Women under the age of 44 who are obese are more likely to develop a false brain tumor. Medications: Substances associated with false brain tumors include: growth hormone, tetracycline, high vitamin A, and other drugs may also be associated with false brain tumors, but more research is needed.

• The following symptoms and diseases are associated with false brain tumor. Cystic

  _ Sudden cessation of breathing in sleep

  _ Weak parathyroid glands

  _ Increased urea in the blood

  Does the disease of increased intracerebral pressure also occur in children?

  This disease can be generally divided into two groups. The first group includes immature children, which tends to be secondary or less important, affecting men and women alike. The second group includes mature teenagers, who tend to be certain mature people. This type occurs more among pregnant women who are obese. This disease is also called benign or primary cranial pressure increase.

  Symptoms of the disease

  Some false brain tumor patients have worse and worse vision and may eventually end up with blindness. Even if the symptoms of the disease have been resolved, months or even years later, it is possible to repeat or relapse.

  Diagnosis of the disease

  To diagnose this disease, the doctor will review your symptoms and medication history, and will perform some physical examinations and determine several tests.

  Eye examination

  

  A doctor who specializes in eye complications (ophthalmologist) will perform an eye examination. If a false brain tumor is suspected, the eye doctor will look for swelling at the back of the eye that affects the optic nerves, called papilledema. A visual field test will also be performed to determine if there are other blind spots besides normal blind spots where the optic nerve enters the retina. Brain imaging Your doctor will perform an MRI or CT scan. These tests can reveal other causes that cause similar symptoms, such as brain tumors and blood clots.

  

  cerebrospinal fluid examination

  Usually, the neurologist will perform a lumbar puncture test to measure intracranial pressure and glucose and protein levels. In this test, the specialist inserts a needle between two vertebrae in the back and removes a small amount of cerebrospinal fluid for testing in the laboratory.

  Treatment

  The goal of treatment for false brain tumor is to improve symptoms and prevent deterioration of vision. Depending on the type of medical condition, the doctor will prescribe medication or recommend surgery to control the symptoms. alt="" width="1140" height="414" data-lazy-src="https://dreshraghi.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/tumorhai-kazeb-muazi-4.jpg">

  • Surgical treatment

  Two surgical methods may be used to treat a pseudotumor.

  Creating an opening in the nerve sheath Vision

  In this method, the surgeon creates an opening in the membrane around the optic nerve. This causes excess cerebrospinal fluid to come out. In most cases, vision stabilizes or improves. Most people who have had this surgery for one eye have noticed improvement in both eyes. However, this surgery is not always successful and may even increase vision problems.

  In another type of surgery, the doctor places a long, thin tube (shunt) in the brain or down the spinal cord to help drain excess cerebrospinal fluid. This tube goes under the skin into the abdomen, where excess cerebrospinal fluid is drained. Some people's symptoms improve after this surgery. However, these transfer tubes become blocked, requiring more surgeries to make the tube work properly. Side effects of this surgery can include headaches caused by low blood pressure and infections. This surgery is usually performed if the condition does not improve in other ways of treatment. The shunt implanted in the spinal cord needs to be reviewed at least once in the first year due to clogging, so today the first choice is brain-to-abdominal shunt surgery, but due to the compression of the ventricles, it is a difficult task and requires a navigation device.

  • Drug treatment

  Drugs that are used to treat this disease include:

  Glaucom drug (black water)

  One Acetazolamide (Diamox), a glaucoma medication, is one of the first drugs that is usually tried. This drug may decrease the amount of cerebrospinal fluid production. It has also been shown that this drug improves symptoms in 47 to 67 percent of patients. Possible side effects include stomach upset, fatigue, numbness of the fingers, toes, mouth, and kidney stones.

  Diuretics

  If acetazolamide alone is not effective, it is sometimes combined with fursamide (Lasix). A powerful pain reliever that reduces cerebrospinal fluid retention by increasing urination.

  Migraine medications

  Medications commonly prescribed to relieve migraines can sometimes relieve the severe headaches that accompany a pseudotumor. If a person's vision worsens, surgery to reduce pressure around the optic nerve or reduce intracranial pressure may be necessary.

  

  • Weight loss

  Obesity significantly increases the risk of pseudotumor in young women. In fact, even women who are not obese and have an average weight are also more likely to develop a false brain tumor. Losing excess weight and maintaining a healthy weight may help reduce the chance of developing eye pseudotumor. Studies have shown that 6 to 10% weight loss leads to complete or at least a much faster disappearance of the disease.

  The condition of patients in the long term

  For most patients with pseudotumor brain, eye problems usually improve with treatment. For others, the condition worsens over time, or resolves and reoccurs. About 5 to 10 percent of women with pseudotumor brain tumors experience loss of precise vision. Most patients do not need surgery. If you have a false brain tumor, your eyes should be checked continuously. class="so-widget-orion_dividers_w so-widget-orion_dividers_w-base">

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