مقاله تخصصی
avascular necrosis; Death of bone tissue
3 months ago
171 بازدید
Dr. Mohammad Hossein Delshad
تهرانpain companions
**Avascular necrosis** is a type of disease that occurs following a temporary or permanent lack of blood supply to the bone.... When the blood supply to the bone is cut off, the bone tissue dies and causes it to collapse.
If avascular necrosis occurs near the joint, the surface of the joint may also collapse... This condition can occur in any bone.. But it often occurs at the end of a long bone.
Sometimes one bone affects several bones at the same time or at different times.
Important points about avascular necrosis disease
To understand this disease, we have pointed out some important points:
- Bone tissue death occurs temporarily or permanently in the bone due to lack of blood and often occurs at the end of a long bone.
- This disease may occur following the consumption of drugs, alcohol or injury.
- Symptoms of this disease include joint pain and limited range of motion.
- Medications, assistive devices or surgery are considered to improve patient function or prevent further damage to the affected bone or joint.
What is the cause of avascular necrosis?
This disease usually occurs in such cases:
- injury
- fracture
- damage to blood vessels
- long-term use of drugs such as corticosteroids
- Chronic and specific medical conditions
- High and long-term use of alcohol
Related content: Fracture of the metacarpal bone
Risk factors in the development of avascular necrosis disease
Some factors can increase the probability of contracting this disease ::
- injury
- Gaucher's disease
- Steroid use
- Caison's disease
- alcohol consumption
- Blood disorders such as sickle cell anemia
- radiotherapy
- Chemotherapy
- pancreatitis
- Decompression sickness
- hypercoagulable state
- autoimmune disease
- hyperlipidemia
- HIV
What are the symptoms of avascular necrosis?. Each person experiences different symptoms, but the most common symptoms of this disease can be mentioned as follows:
- Feeling initial pain in the joint
- increasing joint pain when the bones and joints begin to break down
- Limited movement due to pain
Symptoms caused by this disease may be similar to other medical conditions or other bone problems.
How is avascular necrosis diagnosed? When you visit a pain specialist for diagnosis and treatment, he or she will first ask questions about your medical history and, after a physical examination, may order one or more diagnostic tests, if necessary:
### X-ray
This test is done in such a way that invisible electromagnetic energy beams are used to create images of tissues, bones and internal organs.
### CT scan
This test is a type of imaging that provides detailed images of the body using X-rays and computers....
CT scan shows details of bones, muscles, fat and organs and shows more details than X-rays.
### MRI
Due to its technology, this method displays accurate images of body organs and structures.
### radionuclide bone scan
This test shows blood flow to the bone and cell activity inside the bone.
### biopsy
Tissue samples are removed for examination under a microscope during surgery or with a needle.
This type of test is done to detect cancer or other abnormal cells.
Read more: Pain of cancer patients
### Evaluation of bone function
This surgical method is used to measure intraosseous pressure.
Treatment solutions for avascular necrosis
The treatment of this disease is determined based on certain conditions as follows:
- Extent of the disease
- Age, general health and medical history
- Location and amount of damaged bone
- the underlying cause of the disease
- your tolerance level for using medicine and treatment method
- Your opinion and preference
The goal of treating this disease is to improve the patient and prevent further damage to the bone or joint... To prevent damage, you need the following treatments:
### use of drugs
Medication is prescribed to control pain.
### auxiliary equipment
These tools are used to reduce pressure on bones or joints.
### Reduce internal pressure
During this surgical procedure, the inner layer of the bone is removed to relieve pressure, increase blood flow, and slow or stop the destruction of the bone or joint.
### osteotomy
Osteotomy changes the shape of the bone and reduces the pressure of the damaged area.
### bone graft
In this treatment method, healthy bone is transplanted from another part of the body to the damaged area.
### detailed replacement
The damaged joint is replaced with an artificial joint... This procedure is performed for the patient only when none of the avascular necrosis treatment methods have been effective.
