VSD is the most common congenital heart defect in children. These holes are often treatable. In this article, I decided to fully introduce this common heart defect. In the next articles, the treatment method will be explained. What is VSD? ### A congenital heart defect Children's heart hole, VSD VSD is a type of congenital heart defect. This means your baby was born with it. A VSD is a hole in the wall (septum) of the heart that separates the two lower chambers of the heart (right and left ventricles). VSD is the most common type of congenital heart defect. ### Normal blood flow in the heart The heart has four chambers: two upper parts (atria) and two lower parts (ventricles). Oxygen-rich blood flows from the left atrium to the left ventricle by pumping the heart and is pumped to the whole body. That is, where vital organs use oxygen. Blood with less oxygen flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle and to the lungs. In the lungs, the blood gets more oxygen by exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. ### Blood flow in VSD Normally, the wall between the chambers of the heart prevents blood from mixing between the two chambers of the heart. A VSD, or ventricular wall defect, allows oxygen-rich (red) blood to pass through the abnormal opening into the left ventricle. It then mixes with the oxygen-poor (blue) blood in the right ventricle.

A VSD or large ventricular wall defect can cause high pressure in the blood vessels of the lungs. This high pressure in the long term can lead to a decrease in the level of oxygen in the body. If your child has a VSD or a larger ventricular wall defect, it may need repair. Babies and children with VSDs or large ventricular wall defects usually have symptoms such as rapid breathing and more difficult breathing than normal. In very small holes in the ventricular wall, not much blood usually passes through the hole. In these cases, the heart and lungs do not have to work as hard. Sometimes these small holes close on their own. There are different types of VSD or ventricular wall defect (VSD). The type of SD your child has depends on which part of the wall between the ventricles is involved. The size of the hole opening is also different.