Common side effects of lumbar disc surgery After lumbar disc surgery, patients may experience short-term and temporary side effects, which are usually reduced with proper care and nutrition after lumbar disc surgery. These complications include pain and swelling of the surgical site, bruising, limited bleeding, and the possibility of infection. Knowing these things helps patients to take the necessary measures on time and the recovery process goes smoothly. ### Pain and swelling after surgery Pain and swelling in the surgical incision area is normal and usually subsides in a few days to a few weeks after the operation. The use of painkillers, ice therapy and adequate rest can reduce the intensity of pain. Also, swelling may occur due to fluid accumulation around the surgical site and can be controlled by elevating the legs and gentle massage. The patient should inform the surgeon of any abnormal symptoms such as a sudden increase in pain or severe swelling. ### Surgical site infection Infection is one of the complications of lumbar disc surgery, although it can be prevented with proper hygiene and prescribed antibiotics. Symptoms include redness, severe swelling, abnormal pain, and discharge from the incision site. Infection can delay healing and even require re-surgery. Patients should follow the instructions for care and dressing changes carefully and contact the doctor immediately in case of suspicious symptoms. ### Bleeding and bruising Limited bleeding and bruising around the surgical site is normal, but heavy or continued bleeding may require medical intervention. Bruising usually fades after a few weeks and is reduced with ice therapy and rest. Patients should refrain from heavy activities and lifting heavy objects until complete recovery to prevent aggravation of bleeding or bruising. Risks of lumbar disc surgery In addition to temporary complications, lumbar disc surgery can carry serious and rare risks, some of which may have long-term or permanent effects. Awareness of these risks helps to make an informed decision and follow the postoperative care carefully and reduces the possibility of serious problems and complications of lumbar disc surgery. ### Damage to the spinal cord or nerve roots In some rare cases, the spinal cord or nerve roots may be damaged during surgery. This injury can cause numbness, muscle weakness, or severe pain. Prevention includes choosing an experienced surgeon and performing accurate preoperative imaging methods. Patients should report any abnormal symptoms such as paralysis or loss of sensation to their doctor immediately. ### Movement problems or permanent numbness Sometimes movement disorders or permanent numbness in the lower body occur due to nerve damage or long-term inflammation. These problems may be improved with physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises, but some patients require long-term treatment. Quick diagnosis and preventive measures are very important. ### Blood clot formation or heart problems After surgery, there is a risk of blood clots in the legs or heart problems, especially in people with a history of heart disease or high blood pressure. Among the ways to prevent the complications of lumbar disc surgery are early mobility, blood thinners and blood pressure control. Patients should take symptoms of severe swelling, sudden pain, or shortness of breath seriously. Care and reducing the risk of complications One of the most basic things in reducing the complications caused by lumbar disc surgery is **care after lumbar disc surgery**. Following the doctor's orders, taking care of the surgical site and healthy lifestyle are the key factors for the success of the operation. ### Post-operative care Post-operative care includes adequate rest, taking prescribed medications, keeping the surgical site clean and protecting the incision area. - Regular dressing change and keeping the cut area clean - Taking prescription drugs according to the doctor's order - Sufficient rest and proper sleep - Avoid lifting heavy objects - Follow-up of physiotherapy sessions and rehabilitation exercises - Using a belt or spine protector if recommended by a doctor - Weight control and following a healthy diet - Avoiding intense activities and sudden movements - Drink enough fluids and maintain hydration - Regular visits to the surgeon and report any abnormal symptoms such as severe swelling, bleeding or unusual pain ### Physiotherapy and rehabilitation Physiotherapy after lumbar disc surgery strengthens back muscles, increases flexibility and reduces pain. The rehabilitation program includes exercises under expert supervision and light activities. Continuing to exercise at home and following the recommended schedule will help you heal faster and reduce the risk of disc recurrence. ### Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and preventing relapse A healthy lifestyle includes maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, correct posture when sitting and lifting objects, and avoiding sudden vigorous movements. These measures help to reduce the pressure on the spine and prevent disc recurrence. **Summary** Lumbar disc surgery can improve patients' lives, but as we have seen, it comes with its own complications and risks. Knowing the complications of lumbar disc surgery, observing the necessary precautions and preventions, and following the doctor's instructions carefully play a vital role in the success of the operation. Choosing an experienced surgeon and regular physical therapy will also help reduce the risk of long-term problems. Dr. Yazdan Panahi, with years of experience in the field of spine surgeries, guides patients on the path of fast and safe recovery with a scientific approach and personalization of care. To get advice and guidance from Dr. Yazdan Panahi, you can make an appointment through the numbers listed on the site.