Types of anemia ============== Anemia is a common blood disease and occurs when the level of hemoglobin in a person's blood decreases for any reason. In a more precise definition of anemia, it is said that hemoglobin less than 14 for men and less than 12 for women is considered anemia. The body of an adult human has an average of 5 to 6 liters of blood, and the amount is one part of blood more in men than one part of blood in women. The liquid part is called plasma. Blood cells. Makes up 40% of blood volume and include red blood cells or red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.... Next, we will examine the types of anemia.... Red blood cells are hollow cells that deliver oxygen from the lungs to all body tissues.... The special shape of these cells makes them very flexible and they can easily pass red blood cells through there.. Blood cells are 120 days old and because they have no nucleus and organelles, They are not able to repair and divide themselves.... As the life span of these cells increases, they become fragile and eventually decompose, and the materials resulting from their decomposition are transferred to the liver, spleen, and bone marrow to be used again.. Only wide bones such as the skull and pelvis produce red blood cells.... When these cells mature, they lose their organelles such as the nucleus and mitochondria, and therefore they do not need the oxygen they carry and all of it. transferred to other cells They do... they give.... Red blood cells are made up of hemoglobin molecules, and in fact it is hemoglobin that is responsible for carrying the hemoglobin protein metal in the body.... It consists of four protein subunits along with a non-protein part called heme... The red color of blood is also due to the presence of iron in the structure of hemoglobin.... Oxygen in the lungs has a very high concentration, so it easily binds to hemoglobin and It is separated from it in places where it is needed, such as muscles.. The group responsible for binding oxygen to hemoglobin is the group that has iron atoms.. We will examine some of them in the following: - **Iron deficiency anemia** Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia.. This anemia occurs due to the lack of iron in the diet or lack of iron absorption by the body.... The iron required by the body is supplied from food such as eggs, meat, fish, beans, liver, etc.... Iron is the main substance for creating hemoglobin... or because of the greater need for iron during pregnancy, it is converted into iron during pregnancy... Avoid anemia.... In the process of iron absorption, the acidic environment of the stomach is very effective, and for this reason, when using antacid drugs, the amount of iron absorption decreases.. absorption of iron, but there are substances that increase absorption of iron.... One of these substances is vitamin C, which significantly increases the amount of iron absorption if taken simultaneously with chronic diseases. and stomach ulcers, long-term metabolic disorders, specific metabolic disorders, mentioned here.. lack of enzymes in the blood, autoimmune diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, infections such as bacterial endocarditis and lung abscess, AIDS, thalassemia and hepatitis B or C... pernicious anemia Although pernicious anemia or pernicious anemia is very rare and the probability of getting it is low, but despite this, half of the cases of anemia are related to vitamin B12 deficiency. This type of anemia occurs as a result of an autoimmune reaction. In this reaction, the cells of the body's defense system attack the cells of the stomach wall and destroy them. It is necessary to absorb vitamin B12 from food in the small intestine. It becomes B12.. This disease is also seen in some people who perform gastric sleeve surgery, because during this operation, a major part of the stomach is removed, and as a result, the production of internal factor and the level of stomach acidity is effective.. Taking oral supplements or injecting B12 can be easily treated.... If this disease is not treated in time, it may cause symptoms such as depression, dementia, muscle weakness, memory loss, imbalance in walking and peripheral neuropathy... Pernishiositis increases... - **Anemia or megaloblastic anemia** Anemia or megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency is also known as macrocytic anemia. In many cases, this type of anemia is caused by a lack of vitamin B12, folic acid, or both. oxygen in the blood, which causes fewer problems... Although in many cases this anemia is caused by a lack of vitamin B12 and folic acid, in a few cases it can also be caused by a severe deficiency of vitamin B1 or thiamine, in which case it is called Roger's syndrome.. Vitamin B12 plays a role in the proper functioning of the nervous system, and for this reason, its deficiency can cause the loss of diabetes.. For this anemia, vitamin supplements can be used. used B12 and folic acid... Also, having a diet rich in folic acid such as using natural fruit juices, broad leaf vegetables, liver, wheat bran and other grains can be effective... - **aplastic anemia** Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow every 120 days, but in aplastic anemia, which is a rare disorder, the bone marrow is unable to produce red blood cells, and as a result, the number of blood cells decreases and leads to anemia. For this reason, this type of anemia is also known as bone marrow failure. Among various toxins such as arsenic and chemical pests, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, infectious diseases such as AIDS and hepatitis, pregnancy, consumption of some Medicines such as antibiotics and non-steroid drugs may occur.... Aplastic anemia, which has a hereditary background, has types called Fanconi anemia, Blackfan anemia, Schuchman-Convention syndrome and Diamond Kelly.... Aplastic anemia occurs at the age of 20 to 25 years and above... 60 years old is more common.... This disease has specific symptoms such as skin rash, skin bruising and bleeding.... - **hemolytic anemia** Hemolysis or severe destruction of red blood cells, which may occur in the blood vessels or outside the blood vessels and in the spleen, causes a type of anemia called hemolytic anemia... With premature red blood cell hemolysis, the bone marrow cannot produce new red blood cells fast enough to compensate for the severe destruction of blood cells, leading to anemia. This anemia can be hereditary or acquired and can be mild to fatal. be.. hemolytic Anemia... they get..... The enlargement of the spleen due to increased destruction of red blood cells is considered one of the complications of hemolytic anemia... Other complications of this type of anemia include pain and shock... This type of anemia is treated with medicine if it is not hereditary... In some cases, the spleen must be removed... This disease currently lacks hereditary cells... Anemia: This anemia is a hereditary disorder in which hemoglobins have an abnormal shape and as a result The red blood cells become crescent-shaped.... In this case, the red blood cells become very fragile and their membrane breaks quickly, as a result of which the number of red blood cells decreases, and anemia occurs due to the irregularity of these abnormal cells, which is the most common type of anemia. Skin, fatigue, pain chest and arms, swelling of the hands and feet, aseptic necrosis and bone infarction.. Destruction of the spleen, neurological complications, vision problems, skin wounds and heart and lung diseases... Types of anemia in which the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow is defective is called sideroblastic anemia. ... this type of anemia causes the liver to enlarge automatically or sideroblast.... the disease and as a result, most men suffer from this type of anemia.... Acquired forms of this anemia may be caused by the use of drugs such as chloramphenicol and isoniazid... - **pure red blood cell aplasia** This anemia is caused by the lack of precursor cells of red blood cells.. These cells, which are called erythroblasts, are located in the bone marrow. In this type of anemia, unlike aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome, other blood cells are quantitatively and qualitatively in their normal form. Answer: Immunosuppressive drugs may cause pure aplasia of red blood cells.... This anemia is caused by various reasons, including the presence of a tumor in the thymus gland, the use of certain drugs, and viral infections.... **Microcytic hypochromic anemia** In microstic hypochromic anemia, the transfer of iron to the cells is defective, and as a result, the production of hemoglobin is impaired.... By reducing the availability of iron, the production of red blood cells also decreases, and the number of red blood cells that are made are very pale and smaller than normal.... People with this disease experience severe pallor and severe pallor in the gum tissue, gums, as well as a decrease in the pallor of the gum tissue, gums and gums. grow....the progress of this disease causes the accumulation of unused iron elements in the liver, which in the long run causes liver failure....microcytic anemia is inherited in three ways, acquired and idiopathic....when the disease is very advanced, it causes acute leukemia, which is a type of blood cancer.. **anemia diagnosis methods** To diagnose the presence or absence of anemia in people, the first test the doctor requests is a complete blood cell count or CBC. In this test, the elements in the blood are measured, including red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets, and the hematocrit. The CBC test can also provide useful information about the blood to detect iron deficiency in the blood. Cells. It is normal for adult women between 34.9 and 44.5% and for adult men between 38.8 and 50%. The normal amount of hemoglobin is between 12 and 15.5 grams per deciliter for adult women and between 13.5 and 13.5 liters for adult men in every 17%. Iron deficiency anemia, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels are lower than normal and red blood cells are smaller than normal... sometimes Times after confirmation of anemia with CBC test, the blood may need to be examined under a microscope.. The bottom indicates a low amount of stored iron.. In the CBC test, the mean volume of red blood cells is known as the MCV.. If the MCV value is less than 80, anemia is considered within the normal MCV range.. 80 to 100 is said to be normal cell volume, and if the MCV value is high, it is called macrocytic anemia or large cell volume. *** According to the information available in each person's CBC test, especially MCV, the doctor can diagnose the cause of anemia. Endoscopy is one of the things that the doctor prescribes to diagnose the main cause of anemia.