Tooth Bleaching Tooth bleaching is one of the most popular cosmetic dental procedures used to lighten the color of the teeth and eliminate both surface and deep stains. It is particularly effective for individuals with yellowed, darkened, or discolored teeth. Bleaching agents work by oxidizing and breaking down stains embedded in the enamel. Causes of Tooth Discoloration ● Extrinsic Stains: Caused by external factors such as tea, coffee, tobacco, red wine, and pigmented foods. These respond well to bleaching. ● Intrinsic Stains: Result from internal issues such as childhood antibiotic use (e.g., tetracycline), trauma, aging, or metabolic disorders. These are more resistant and may require veneers or composite restorations. ● Aging: As enamel thins with age, the yellow-colored dentin becomes more visible. ● Root-treated Teeth: These may darken over time and require internal bleaching. Types of Tooth Bleaching 1\. In-Office Bleaching Performed under professional supervision using high-concentration hydrogen or carbamide peroxide, often activated by light or laser. Time: 45–60 minutes per session Longevity: 6 months to 2 years Advantages: ● Fast, visible results ● Effective for heavily stained teeth ● Safe under professional care Disadvantages: ● Temporary sensitivity ● Higher cost ● Risk of color relapse if aftercare is neglected 2\. At-Home Bleaching Using custom-made trays and low-concentration gels (10–20% carbamide peroxide), applied daily for 2–4 hours over 2–4 weeks. Advantages: ● Gentle, gradual whitening ● More affordable ● Easy to repeat at home Disadvantages: ● Requires consistent patient compliance ● Slower results 3\. Combination Bleaching Starts with in-office treatment for quick results, followed by home use to maintain and extend whitening. Ideal for: Long-lasting and natural-looking results. 4\. Internal Bleaching Used for non-vital, root-treated teeth that have darkened. A bleaching agent is placed inside the tooth and sealed temporarily. The process may be repeated until desired brightness is achieved. Note: Only for non-living (devitalized) teeth. Post-Bleaching Care ● Avoid colored foods and drinks (coffee, tea, soda, chocolate, etc.) and smoking for at least 48 hours. ● Maintain proper oral hygiene to prolong whitening effects. Factors Affecting Bleaching Results ● Bleach concentration: Higher = faster results, but more sensitivity ● Contact time: Longer contact = better whitening ● Stain type: Yellow/brown stains respond better than grey/tetracycline stains ● Heat or light activation can accelerate the process Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) 1\. Why do teeth become sensitive after bleaching? → Oxidation may stimulate dental nerves. It’s usually temporary (24–48 hrs) and manageable with fluoride or anti-sensitivity toothpaste. 2\. What is the recommended age for bleaching? → Best for adults 18+. Not recommended under 15–16 due to enamel immaturity. Over 40 may need more sessions. 3\. Does bleaching damage enamel? → If performed correctly by a dentist, no. Improper use may increase sensitivity, dehydrate enamel, or irritate gums. 4\. Is bleaching permanent? → No. Lasts 6–24 months based on diet, hygiene, and lifestyle. Touch-ups may be needed. 5\. How many shades whiter will my teeth get? → Typically 2–8 shades, depending on the stain type, method used, and number of sessions. 6\. Who is not suitable for bleaching? ● Extensive dental restorations (veneers, crowns, fillings) ● Intrinsic stains (e.g., tetracycline, trauma) ● Thin or cracked enamel ● Pregnant/breastfeeding women ● Gum disease or untreated decay ● Highly sensitive teeth 7\. Can composite veneers be whitened? → No. Only natural teeth bleach. Options include polishing or replacing old composites. Benefits of Tooth Bleaching ● Whiter, brighter smile ● Boost in confidence ● Non-invasive and painless ● Quick results (especially in-office) ● Affordable compared to veneers or crowns ● Maintains natural tooth structure Disadvantages of Bleaching ● Temporary sensitivity ● Not effective on restorations ● Risk of color mismatch ● Requires diet control post-bleaching ● Potential gum irritation ● Variable results depending on individual teeth Pricing – 2025 ● In-office bleaching (2 arches): 10,000,000 IRR ● At-home bleaching (2 arches): 8,000,000 IRR