Pediatricians ### Pediatrician The education and skill of a **pediatrician** is in the field of diseases and problems that affect the health and development of babies, children and teenagers.. More: **Pediatricians in Tehran** The attending physician may refer the child to a pediatrician for further evaluation and treatment, which include the following: Behavioral problems Asthma and allergy Poor growth autism hyperactivity Delayed growth Fecal incontinence (encopresis) or constipation sleep problems Muscle or bone problems - for example, developmental dysplasia of the hip or leg Brain diseases A disability such as Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, or fragile X syndrome #### Causes of headache in children brain problems A brain tumor, abscess, or hemorrhage, which is also rare, may press on areas of the brain and cause chronic, worsening headaches in **children**. These headaches usually have other symptoms, such as vision problems, dizziness, and imbalance.. Illness and Infection Common diseases such as colds, flu, and ear and sinus infections are among the causes of headaches in **children**... More dangerous infections such as meningitis or encephalitis can also cause headaches in children, but most of the symptoms are associated with fever and neck stiffness.... Emotional factors Stress and anxiety caused by problems with peers, teachers or parents is one of the most important causes of headaches in children. Children with depression may complain of headaches, especially if they feel sad and lonely. Genetic background. Headaches like migraines are hereditary. Certain foods and drinks. Nitrate, which is found as a food preservative in meat products such as sausages and sausages, can cause headaches in children. High consumption of caffeine in soft drinks, chocolate, coffee and tea is another cause of headaches in **children**... Head injury Hitting and bumping can also cause headaches in **children**....Most head injuries are mild, but if a child falls hard on their head or receives a severe blow to their head, see a doctor....If a child's headache persists and worsens after a blow to the head, it is necessary to see a doctor..... #### Diagnosis of headache in children History of headache **Paediatrician** asks the parent and child to describe the headache in detail, such as frequency, intensity of pain, and possible triggers to identify the pain pattern or trigger... Physical examination To diagnose headaches in children, a pediatrician will perform a physical exam including height, weight, head circumference, blood pressure, and pulse, as well as an examination of the eyes, neck, head, shoulders, and spine. If the child is otherwise healthy and the headache is the only symptom, no further tests are needed. In some cases, scans and other evaluations can help diagnose or rule out other problems that could be causing headaches in children. In this imaging procedure, x-rays are used to provide a cross-sectional view of the child's brain. This helps the pediatrician diagnose tumors, infections, and other problems that can cause headaches in children. Lumbar puncture (sampling of spinal fluid). Recommends a lumbar puncture.... In this procedure, a thin needle is inserted between two vertebrae in the lower back and a sample of cerebrospinal fluid is removed.... MRI In this method, a strong magnetic field is used to produce clear images of the brain.... MRI provides the possibility of observing and diagnosing tumors, strokes, aneurysms, neurological diseases and other brain abnormalities.... This method is performed to examine the vessels feeding the brain... #### cold Colds are caused by viruses in the upper respiratory tract.. Many young **children**, especially those in shelters, catch colds between 6 and 8 times a year.... Cold symptoms such as a runny nose, congestion and cough may last up to 10 days.. and a physical examination prescribes antibiotics.... Colds are one of the most common illnesses **children and Babies** is something that almost every parent is familiar with.... Maybe this disease seems trivial and simple, but children's colds, especially babies, can cause complications if not taken seriously. There are more than 200 types of viruses that cause colds in children, anti-cold beliefs are also common in babies. It affects children and babies' colds, because colds are a viral disease.. Colds are not a dangerous disease except for babies and children who have a specific underlying disease or have a weak immune system.. #### Read more: **The best pediatric specialist in Tehran** Children who have a cold are usually carriers of the virus 2 to 4 days after the onset of symptoms, and it is necessary to control their communication with their friends to minimize the spread of the disease.. Also, to improve the condition of the child or infant, the air in the room should be kept humid as much as possible, use plenty of fluids, and no one should smoke next to him... The use of antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, and expectorants, alone or in a combination, is the way to treat colds in **children and Infants**, under the supervision of a pediatrician... especially in babies and infants, it is not recommended to use any type of medicine without a doctor's prescription. Drops or nasal spray device for easier breathing and feeding.. #### The most important symptoms of colds in children and babies runny nose Loss of appetite Feeling very tired watery eyes Sneezing and coughing Fever (in some cases) sore throat In some cases, diarrhea and vomiting