Schema therapy is one of the new methods of treating a variety of mental disorders and destructive behavior patterns, which was invented by Dr. Jeffrey Young. Schemas are created during childhood according to the child's life conditions and relationship with his parents and are a deep part of our personality. For this reason, it may be difficult to change them. Inconsistent schemas have destructive effects on our thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, our relationships with others. That is why it is necessary and necessary to change and modify it. Actually one It is a mental framework and pattern that is created based on reality or experience and can be positive or negative. Schema is actually a cognitive map that enables people's minds to understand, process and store information more effectively. Formed in childhood are the main cause of behavioral problems in people. Schema is a dynamic and completely changing structure that changes with our experiences, learning and interaction with others. but we must know that schemas have the ability to change and adapt to correct information... **What is the second step of schema therapy?** Schema therapy is one of the types of psychotherapy that consists of a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy, psychoanalysis, attachment theory and emotion-focused therapy. The technique of schema therapy is designed for patients who do not respond well to conventional methods of psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. Emotional control becomes weak.. It appears in various ways such as a feeling of freedom, distrust or defects and leads to destructive behaviors in adulthood such as problems in relationships, emotional distrust and self-destructive behaviors... Schema therapy seeks to help people understand and challenge these schemas and replace them with healthy and more compatible patterns of thinking, feeling and behavior.... ** Who is schema therapy suitable for?** Schema therapy is a combination of several old methods that help you eliminate repetitive and traumatic cycles. This therapy method is used for those people who have repetitive pattern problems such as dealing with problems at work or have unresolved problems and issues from childhood. In addition, it is used for people who do not respond to other psychotherapy methods. Schema therapy can be effective. It has received a lot of attention.... This treatment method was originally created for the treatment of borderline personality disorder by Jeffrey Young in 2001.. But today, in addition to the treatment of borderline personality disorder, this method is also used in the treatment of various disorders, including the treatment of depression without medication, the treatment of narcissistic personality disorder, the treatment of stress and anxiety, and the treatment of eating disorders... **Key Concepts of Schema Therapy** Schema therapy has three basic concepts, which are: primary maladaptive schema, coping styles and schema mentality... ### **primary maladaptive schema** This schema contains the information we have about the unknown world around us, which was formed early in development and the struggle for survival.... When a schema is formed in childhood, it becomes the basis of judgment and interpretation of information by people.... For example, a person who has formed the schema of neglect, always thinks that he is not noticed by others.... Unpleasant behavior of parents with children can lead to insecurity in creating safe types of children... ### ** Coping schema therapy styles ** The methods that a person uses to reduce discomfort and the impact of negative schemas are called coping styles. Coping styles include surrender, avoidance, and extreme compensation, which we will explain below.. - **Extreme schemes are compensation for damages:* For others.... For example, a person who has a neglect scheme tries to compensate for it by giving extreme attention to people without knowing them.. ### **schematic mentality** If a schema is activated and a person uses a specific coping style to protect himself.. he suffers from mentality and thoughts that indicate the activation of one or more schemas and the use of coping styles.. Mentalities are classified into four categories: childish mentality, dysfunctional coping mentality, dysfunctional parental mentality and healthy mentality.. **What are the 5 main areas of schema therapy?** Types of schemas are usually created during human childhood and have deep and unconscious effects on people's thoughts and actions.... These maladaptive schemas are created in response to traumatic, uncomfortable and non-standard experiences that the child has experienced.... Research on schemas shows; According to experts, there are 18 types of maladaptive schemas, all of which are included in five main areas ### *Release and rejection schema** This schema causes unpredictability and instability in the relationship and causes mistrust towards others.... People who have this schema are constantly worried about losing their loved ones and to avoid rejection, they distrust others or become too dependent on the person.... The biggest fear of these people is abandonment; But usually they don't choose suitable emotional partners for themselves.... This schema has subcategories which are: 1... mistrust and misbehavior 2.... fault and shame 3 .... Abandonment and instability 4 .... social isolation ### **Approval Plan** People with this schema believe that one's emotional needs will never be met, leading to a feeling of emptiness, loneliness, or despair... and they will do their best to please others... These people usually do not make decisions without consulting others and try to be completely approved by others... 1... extreme selflessness 2... Obedience 3.... seeks acceptance and attention ### **social isolation plan** This schema includes the belief that one is fundamentally different from others, unworthy or unlovable, and unable to fulfill one's responsibilities. Individuals with this schema may avoid social interactions, fear rejection, or have difficulty forming intimate relationships. 1... Feeling of failure.... 3 .... Vulnerability 4....self not transformed ### *Defect and shame schema** This schema makes people inherently flawed, inadequate and unattractive and they attribute various faults to their personality or appearance. Usually these people struggle with low self-confidence, self-criticism or perfectionism and feel unworthy of others' love and respect... 1... negativity and pessimism... 3... rigid standards, extreme fault finding. 4 .... Punishment ### **Secretary's Big Plan** Entitlement Schema involves the belief that one is entitled to special treatment, entitled to privileges, or should be exempt from the rules. People with this schema may expect too much from others, be resistant to feedback, or ignore the needs of others. 1. A sense of entitlement and entitlement. 3... Schematic types of other majors **Techniques used in schema therapy** Schema therapy is a new treatment method that was born from the integration of several old methods... In schema therapy, the psychologist deals with the treatment of negative schemas that emerged in childhood as a result of emotional problems and bad experiences in the past.... If none of the treatment methods, even schema therapy, was the answer, the best way to treat it is neurofeedback.... In this technique, the therapist discovers uncomfortable memories and incompatible schemas... In this technique, the client imagines his memory and forms imaginary conversations in his mind with the help of the therapist... ### **daily newspaper** People who are being treated are asked to write down their daily notes.. This method helps them to activate the primary maladaptive schema and the feelings and behaviors that the person expresses in that situation.. Record.... This notebook is reviewed by the therapist in a session and methods are presented to the person to meet emotional needs, correct behavior in the face of problems and make rational decisions... ### **Emotional Technique** This technique involves using emotions for therapy.... In therapy sessions you fully express your feelings and try to understand them.... Guided imagery is also used in emotional schema therapy... So that by combining these two methods, a person understands his feelings and deals with possible problems better... ### **interpersonal technique** Interpersonal technique examines relationships and solves relationship problems... In schema therapy sessions, you examine your relationships with the therapist and learn effective methods on schemas... In interpersonal technique, the client may go to therapy sessions with a friend or partner to solve relationship problems bilaterally... Counselors can also use this method in couple therapy sessions... ##*****Flash Car In this technique, the therapist shows the client flash cards that contain specific messages.. These cards are prepared during the therapy session and the desired messages are written on it by the therapist. Deep and old schemas need an expert and experienced therapist for treatment. You Shirazi compatriots can face traps and problems with the help of your therapist by going to the psychology center and Loretta Neurofeedback Bayat and learn the best way to deal with them and change your mentality by using coping styles.