Urinary incontinence in adults Urinary incontinence in adults, also known as lack of bladder control, is a common problem that can cause discomfort and embarrassment. The severity of this condition varies from a slight leakage when coughing or sneezing to a sudden and intense feeling of urination that deprives the person of the opportunity to reach the bathroom. Although the possibility of this problem increases with age, urinary incontinence is not an inevitable part of the aging process. Fortunately, in many cases, it can be managed with lifestyle changes, diet and, if necessary, medical care. In the continuation of this article from the website of Pirouzi Psychology Clinic, stay with us to learn more about the causes of this problem and its treatment methods.

What is urinary incontinence in adults? Urinary incontinence in adults, or loss of bladder control, is a common and sometimes unpleasant problem that can range from a slight leakage of urine when coughing or sneezing to a sudden and intense urge to urinate that prevents a person from reaching the bathroom. Although the possibility of urinary incontinence increases with age, it is not an inevitable part of the aging process. If this problem has affected your daily activities, it is better to consult your doctor. Fortunately, in many cases, lifestyle changes or appropriate treatment methods can reduce symptoms or stop them altogether. Many people experience minor leakage from time to time, while others may experience frequent low to moderate urination. Types of urinary incontinence in adults Urinary incontinence in adults is divided into three main categories, and in some cases, a person may experience more than one type at the same time. ### 1. Stress incontinence This type of incontinence occurs when physical pressure is placed on the bladder. Activities such as exercise, coughing, sneezing, or laughing can cause the sphincter muscle, which is responsible for holding urine, to be pressed and some urine to be released involuntarily. ### 2. Urgent incontinence In this case, the person experiences a sudden and intense urge to urinate and may lose control before reaching the bathroom. ### 3. Overflow incontinence This type occurs when the bladder does not empty completely and the remaining amount of urine leaks gradually and involuntarily. Causes of urinary incontinence in adults Urinary incontinence in adults can be caused by several factors. Here are some of the most important reasons: - **Neurological problems:** brain injuries or diseases related to the nervous system - **Increasing age:** Decrease in the strength of the muscles controlling the bladder - **Menopause:** Estrogen level drop which weakens the pelvic floor muscles - Surgeries related to **prostate** - Taking some **drugs** such as diuretics **Severe constipation:** accumulation of feces in the intestine that puts pressure on the bladder - Urinary tract infections such as cystitis Smoking: negative effect on bladder function and persistent coughing that leads to incontinence. - **Movement diseases:** such as MS and arthritis that make it difficult to control the bladder - **Obesity:** Increased pressure on the bladder and pelvic floor muscles - high consumption of **caffeine** and **liquids** **Severe and long-term depression** -**Illusion** - Heavy sports and lifting heavy objects that may lead to pelvic muscle weakness The treatment and control of this condition depends on its underlying cause and can usually be improved by lifestyle changes, pelvic floor muscle strengthening exercises, medication or medical treatments. Treatment of urinary incontinence in adults Treatment of urinary incontinence in adults depends on its type and severity and can range from simple lifestyle changes to more complex treatments. One of the first steps in treatment is lifestyle changes. These changes may include adjusting the amount of fluid intake during the day, reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, and avoiding fluid intake before bed to reduce nocturnal urination. Also, strengthening the pelvic floor muscles through Kegel exercises can help control the bladder better. In some cases, the doctor prescribes medications such as anticholinergics or beta agonists that help reduce the sense of urgency and improve bladder control. For stress incontinence, treatments such as the use of support devices or even corrective surgery to strengthen the sphincter muscles may be necessary. In cases where there is overflow incontinence, the treatment addresses problems of incomplete emptying of the bladder and prevention of urine leakage. Also, in some more advanced cases, surgical treatments such as injecting substances into the sphincter or using nerve stimulation devices may be used. Consultation with a specialist doctor is necessary in order to accurately diagnose the cause of incontinence and choose the most appropriate treatment method for each person. It should be noted that in cases where the cause of urinary incontinence in adults is the experience of constant stress, consulting the expert psychotherapists of Pirouz Psychology Center can help reduce or eliminate this problem.

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